Plasticizers for concrete: types and principle of action

In the process of preparing concrete solution, sand, cement, filler and water are involved. The amount of the last component should be minimal, since it is water that worsens the resistance of the finished concrete base for frost, moisture, reduces its strength. In order to increase the plasticity of concrete, to make it easier to work and to improve its operational characteristics add plasticizers to it. We will consider further about their features, advantages of application, types.

Table of contents:

1. Plasticizer for concrete for what: advantages of plasticizers
2. Types of plasticizers for concrete and their characteristic
3. The scope of use of plasticizers for concrete and solution
4. DIY PLACK for concrete: manufacturing technology
5. Manufacturers of concrete plasticizers and their characteristic
6. Concrete additives and plasticizers - characteristics and description

Plasticizer for concrete for what: advantages of plasticizers

In relation to the principle of action by a plasticizer, they are divided into two types:

• hydrophilic;
• Hydrophizing.

The first option is characterized by increased wettability, their main function is an increase in plastic and flowing concrete characteristics.

The second type of plasticizer saturates the concrete mixture with a large amount of air. Thus, it is possible to reduce moisture tension in the solution, while the plastic characteristics of the solution increase.

In modern construction, plasticizers are an obligatory element of almost every concrete solution. This is due to their advantages:

1. The main advantage of using plasticizers is to increase the plasticity of the finished concrete solution. Thus, it is easy to work with the composition, it gets well into all inaccessible places and covers the smallest pores.

2. The second advantage of plasticizers is the possibility of significant saving cement mortar. By adding plasticizers to concrete solution, it is possible to save on the amount of cement mortar, if you compare the solution prepared without adding plasticizers and with them, the amount of cement used in the second case will be 14-17% less.

3. An increase in the strength characteristics of the finished concrete base by twenty -five percent.

4. Since the concrete solution is characterized by high mobility and plasticity, special equipment is used in the form of concrete pump or automatic concrete pump to perform large in size of objects. It is especially relevant when erecting buildings of a monolithic type. At the same time, the strength remains at the proper level.

5. The laid concrete solution does not need additional compaction using a vibrator for concrete, since plasticizers make it quite plastic and durable. At the same time, it is possible to save time and effort without using vibrators.

6. Since the concrete solution has high fluidity and good adhesion with the surface, it is used in the process of filling with an element with reinforced areas.

7. By adding a plasticizer, it is possible to obtain a solution that has a high level of density. The structures built with such a solution have high moisture resistance.

8. Since the amount of moisture, which is present in the solution is minimal, the structure eventually turns out to be frost -resistant and is characterized by additional resistance before the formation of cracks.

9. The high level of adhesion of concrete solution with the surface into which it is poured is also explained by the use of plasticizers for concrete.

Please note that the use of plasticizers for concrete negatively affects the time of solidification of the concrete mixture. Therefore, in some cases, in addition to plasticizers, accelerators of its solidification are added to the concrete solution.

Types of plasticizers for concrete and their characteristic

If we consider the material on the basis of which the plasticizer was made, several types of plasticizers are distinguished:

• organic origin;
• organomineral substances;
• Inorganic substances.

The first version of the plasticizer contains waste from the oil industry, forestry or agricultural chemistry.

Addresses of inorganic origin contains various kinds of chemicals in the form of formaldehyde or naphthaushufititis.

Depending on the principle of action, plasticizers for concrete are divided into:

1. Modified substances - these compositions increase the strength characteristics of concrete by many times. In addition, concrete has frost resistance, resistance to corrosion, low vapor permeability and high level of mobility.

2. Substances that accelerate strength - with their help it is possible to improve the brand strength of the concrete solution.

3. When working in the winter season, you should use plasticizers with the effect of frost resistance.

4. The use of superplastifiers is relevant if the concrete solution is subjected to prolonged transportation in hot weather. With their help, it is possible to achieve high mobility of the concrete composition, while it becomes more moisture, elastic and durable. With their help, it is possible to reduce the consumption of cement as part of concrete, thus, the cost of preparing a concrete solution is reduced.

5. additives that add air to the concrete composition. The principle of their action is comparable to porous chocolate, additives in concrete, make it microporous and very frost -resistant. In the process of freezing, water expansion occurs and it falls into the pores, thereby without changing the composition and properties of the concrete structure.

6. Self -sealing additives - with their help it is possible to fill the structures of a thick -reinforced type.

The scope of use of plasticizers for concrete and solution

Using the use of plasticizers for concrete, it is possible to significantly save time and money, making concrete more plastic and more frost -resistant. Keep in mind that there are a large number of plasticizers for concrete solution that increase its qualitative characteristics. Before connecting the compositions of one type or another, they should be convinced of their compatibility.

Plasticizer for concrete is used both on large construction sites during pouring multi -storey buildings, and in private housing construction. Plasticizers are especially relevant when pouring foundations. Since the base with their help acquires additional strength, frost and moisture resistance.

Thus, the use of plasticizers allows you to reduce the amount of water present in the solution. Using the use of plasticizers, it is possible to make monolithic concrete, the concrete composition of fine -grained and light composition, using it when pouring various kinds of structural elements.

By adding plasticizers to a concrete solution, it is possible to build high -quality floors of floors, concrete blocks, borders, slabs, fountains, pillars and columns. Products, after pouring do not crack, differ in a long service life.

DIY PLACK for concrete: manufacturing technology

Having made a plasticizer for concrete with your own hands, it is possible to achieve saving its use. At the same time, concrete receives the same quality characteristics as using purchased plasticizers.

Keep in mind that a quality product manages to get only strictly following all the instructions below. For the manufacture of the plasticizer, materials are used in the form:

• liquid soap;
• shampoo;
• washing powder diluted with water.

Before the appearance of plasticizers, in order to improve the quality of the concrete composition, egg protein was used, with which the concrete composition managed to maintain strength for a long time.

The amount of plasticizer in the solution is determined depending on its individual characteristics. For example, to one bag of cement, which is connected to expanded clay, add about two hundred milliliters of a liquid soap solution. Using this plasticizer, it is possible to make the solution resistant to hardening for three hours.

Keep in mind that soap is added at the very beginning of the work. Otherwise, expanded clay will be unevenly mixed with solution and concrete will lose its characteristics.

Another option for the manufacture of plasticizer is the use of bastard lime. Using this material, it is possible to make a solution more adhesive and elastic, so the processing of complex and inaccessible places is very simple. The use of such a solution for brickwork allows you to achieve uniform distribution of the solution.

However, soap solutions are distinguished by some disadvantages of use. This is, first of all, the formation of soap foam, in the process of connecting the components with a concrete mixer. After settling the foam, the solution becomes suitable for work.

Manufacturers of concrete plasticizers and their characteristic

Studying the composition of plasticizers for concrete, it should be noted the presence of organic, inorganic and mineral origin in their composition. A natural -based plasticizers contain substances from the growth of petrochemistry or agricultural chemistry.

The most effective are superplastifiers, with their help it is possible to achieve the ideal quality of concrete composition. At the same time, with their help it is possible to save the price of more than 20%. The introduction of plasticizers allows you to increase the level of adhesion of the finished concrete composition with the base and especially with reinforcing sites. The most popular plasticizer manufacturers are:

1. Hard plast - using this plasticizer, it is possible to improve the mobility of the composition and make it better. Also, this supplement improves the waterproofing indicators of the concrete composition and prevents its delays.

2. Dock plastic plasticizer for concrete, which makes it more frost -resistant, plastic, moisture -proof and increases the duration of use of concrete structures several times.

3. Liquid superplastifiers allow you to increase the level of viscosity of the concrete composition by more than five times. At the same time, the strength characteristics of the material increase by approximately thirty percent.

4. Superplast is a plasticizer that increases the waterproof properties of a concrete solution. Reduces the exposure of concrete of corrosion, helps to enhance the color of the finished concrete structure.

5. Plasticizers D5 - with their help it is possible to make a concrete solution as waterproof as possible. In addition, the composition after application becomes as dense and plasticized as possible. The through cracks, which are formed during the operation of the concrete product, are self -adjusted with special components. The use of this additive is relevant for places with high humidity.

Before choosing the best plasticizer for concrete, you should first study its composition and technical characteristics. Make sure that there are no harmful and volatile substances in its composition. Before starting the use of plasticized substances, study the plasticizer for concrete instructions for use, it indicates in detail the amount of substance for a certain portion of the concrete composition. Please note that too much plasticizer in concrete solution adversely affects its quality.

Concrete additives and plasticizers - characteristics and description

In addition to the plasticizer, other substances that increase its quality are added to the concrete solution. It is impossible to make such additives yourself. We offer to familiarize themselves with them:

1. Substances that accelerate concrete hardening. If the quality of the final products of the concrete product directly depends on the speed of its solidification, then the use of this additive is required. For example, by forming a monolithic bowl of the pool, it is necessary to obtain a very plastic composition on the one hand, and on the other hand, it should freeze as soon as possible. Pouring the floor of the pool, you should wait for the solidification of its walls. In the winter season, the use of concrete accelerators is also mandatory. Since at a negative air temperature, concrete freezes much longer.

2. Substances slowing down the concrete solution. The use of these substances is relevant if plasticizers cannot completely cope with the task of increasing viscosity. The need to introduce these substances is present in the process of transporting a concrete solution in the summer of the year.

3. additives that add air to the concrete mixture is the cheapest option for plasticizing the solution. Concrete, after adding an additive, becomes more frost -resistant.

4. Frost -resistant components for concrete make a concrete solution resistant to frost up to -26 degrees. The principle of operation of these mixtures is that they reduce the temperature of moisture freezing, which is in the solution.

The type and properties of a plasticizer for concrete depend on the individual characteristics of its use, ambient temperature, moisture resistance, type of structure, the presence or absence of reinforcement.