Installation of the drainage system

Almost no house can do without such an element as a drainage system. After all, this functional architectural detail that protects the roof, foundation and facade of the building from the harmful effects of natural precipitation. It is the drain that removes moisture that is dangerous for the structure, through the pipes, funnels and gutter to the place of runoff specially designed for this. In the article, we consider the rules for the installation of the drainage system.

Content:

1. Elements of the drainage system
   • Distribute gutter
   • Bracket or holder for gutter
   • The plugs for the gutter
   • The pipe is drainage. The funnel is water -shaped or water intake. Protective grill
   • Pipe connectors or connecting coupling
   • Drill drain or drain knee. Tee. Contours or universal knee
   • Clamp
2. Classification of drains and the main characteristics of the material
3. Technology installation of the drainage system

Distribution systems are necessary for both residential and public buildings and industrial structures. They consist of a set of various elements, and when installing it is required to comply with a clear sequence, only in this case the correct functioning of the drain is possible.

The system for collecting and draining water has a rather complex device, since it consists of many elements, so that during installation there are no problems, you need to carefully read the instructions for the installation of the drainage system. It can vary according to the situation, but the main elements and their purpose will remain unchanged.

Elements of the drainage system

The main components of the drain system are pipes and gutters, in addition, various connecting devices will be required. So, what do you need to mount the drain.

Distribute gutter

• This is a semicircular channel open from above, with a horizontal mount that sets the direction of water. It is in it that atmospheric precipitation and meltwater accumulate, flowing down the roof down. The degree of protection of the foundation and facade depends on the quality of the installation of this element, because if the gutter passes a certain amount of liquid, then avoid erosion of the soil and destruction of the foundation will be very difficult. In addition, often due to a poorly mounted gutter, leaks of the basement are observed.

• The element can be straight and angular (divided into an external and inner angle, as well as to a universal one, which is installed on any side of the building), differ in the location, the details in a single design are fastened with special the connector of the gutter. The tightness of the joints is ensured by the presence of special rubber seals inside the connector, which also has a semicircular open shape.
• In winter, the gutter often prevents the slide of snow from the roofs, that is, acts as a snowman. This is especially true for the pitched roofs covered with metal profile.

Bracket or holder for gutter

• Designed to install the gutter to the design of the roof. This element can be of two modifications:
  1. long bracket;
  2. short bracket.
• It is necessary to fix the gutter on the edge of the roof, and also serves to additional maintenance of the horizontal level of the drain, in addition, it is the holders who regulate the slope of the drainage system. Such an element can be of different diameters and is selected in accordance with the size of the gutter. For installation of a rectangular drainage system, as a rule, the brackets are already in configuration.
• They are made of thin -leaved steel, the thickness of which is 4 mm. It is recommended to install brackets every 50 cm, it is in this option that more reliable consolidation is ensured. But the installation with a step from 60 to 90 cm is also possible, most importantly, keep a slope of 10 mm (for every 350 cm gutter).

The plugs for the gutter

• It is installed on the ends of the gutter and is designed for airtight closure of the structure to prevent leaks. The element also helps to fix the drain and give it stiffness. There can be either a universal type and separately left- and right-handed. Depending on the cross section of the gutter itself, the configuration of the plugs is also selected, they are semicircular or rectangular.

• It is not always supplied with the system, it may be absent and then it is recommended to buy it separately, since without using this element, water will fall under the roofing canvas.

The pipe is drainage. The funnel is water -shaped or water intake. Protective grill

• The pipe is drainage Another of the main elements of the system, it is fixed vertically and is a design collected from smaller parts of the links and fasteners. The pipe is necessary to remove the water accumulated in the gutter to a special place of runoff.
• The funnel is water collection or water intake This part is mounted from the gutter to the drain pipe, that is, it is it that serves to remove melt and rainwater from the gutter to the drain.
• Protective grill (otherwise they are called a decorisher, spider, net) is installed in a water intake, and protects the pipe from clogging with large garbage foliage, branches, needles, etc., all that falls on the roof from the trees or rises from the ground. Without it, the drainage system can clog and lose its effectiveness, that is, water will not go through the pipe, begins to accumulate in the gutter and just shimmer over its edge. That is why, if the element is not provided for in the kit, it is recommended to buy it separately and not ignore its installation.

Pipe connectors or connecting coupling

• This elements are necessary to fix the parts of the drainage system into a single design. It connects the drain pipes and is simultaneously used to extend them, is also useful to connect the drain knee with the main pipe.
• It provides reliable tightness, due to its configuration, in addition, is able to compensate for the expansion when changing temperatures.

Drill drain or drain knee. Tee. Contours or universal knee

• Drainage or drain knee This element serves to drain water, it is fixed at the end of the drain pipe.

Distribution system Alta Profile elements for installation

• Tee A mandatory detail in cases where it is required to divide the drain pipe, that is, its branching.
• Contours or universal knee It is used in cases where it is necessary to remove the drainage pipe from any protrusions, there are often situations when a straight pipe cannot be paved due to the presence of architectural or decorative elements on the facade, then this part will come in handy. Since the circle is universal, it is allowed to turn the main drainage structure both to the right and to the left.

Clamp

• An element for attaching the pipe to the wall of the building. Outwardly resembles the ring on the one hand open, and on the other, having a special mount in the form of pins. The method of fastening, and, therefore, the type of pin can vary for different materials, so some are designed for mineral surfaces, for example, for brick, stone or concrete, and another type of rivet is necessary for fixing on a wooden basis. This should be taken into account when choosing this element.

• Such fasteners are necessary not only to hold the pipe in place, but also in order to prevent a vertical deviation. Since various power loads (for example, gusts of wind) can violate the position of the drain. As a rule, 3 holders are required on a pipe with a height of 5 m.
• The rings are designed in such a way that they allow you to fix the pipe at a certain distance from the wall, which prevents the appearance of unpleasant consequences on the facade.
• These elements are the main for the drainage system, small details may differ in different modifications, but the main ones will remain unchanged. So, sometimes a heating system for gutters and pipes is mounted.
• In some cases, homeowners decide to abandon the drainage systems, that is, precipitation and meltwater from the roof flow to the ground, this is an unorganized drain system and it is permissible only in small buildings. In other cases, it is necessary to install the drainage system to prevent premature wear of the foundation, as well as damage to facade elements.

Classification of drains and the main characteristics of the material

Distribution systems can be of two types:

• internal;
• external.

The differences between them are that some are installed inside the buildings (pipeline) and can function even at a negative temperature, and the second species is mounted from the outside, that is, on the roof and facade. External drains are more common, since their installation is more simplicity, and its maintenance is a little easier.

In addition to differences on the principle of installation, drains are also distinguished according to the material of manufacture. So, today the most popular are the following:

• metal gutters that can be steel with a polymer coating (painted) or made of galvanized steel;

• or without copper drains;
• plastic gutters (based on polyvinyl chloride);
• titano-tohy gutters.

Installation of a metal profile drainage system has some advantages over other varieties. Among which:

• high strength;
• resistance to corrosion due to additional coating, which prevents the contact of the metal with water and air;
• the ability to withstand temperature changes, as well as severe frosts (up to -60 degrees) and heat (up to +120 degrees), and this means that operation is allowed in various climatic conditions;
• the ability to use the drainage system without additional elements to compensate for linear expansion from temperature changes;
• a wide selection of color solutions (in cases of polymer coating).

Of course, the installation of the plastic drainage system has a more attractive price, but its operational characteristics are slightly lower, so under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, structures often occur, and under the influence of low temperatures the plastic becomes fragile and is easily damaged.

In addition to the material of the manufacturing of the drain pipe differ in configuration. So, they can have a round or rectangular section, and a different diameter of the pipes.

• Pipes with a diameter of 15 cm, can remove water from a roof of about 120 m2. This is necessarily taken into account when choosing the parameters of the system.
• In addition, their number on the facade depends on the diameter of the pipes. Below is an example of the installation of the Grand Line drainage system.

Technology installation of the drainage system

As for the installation of the drainage system with your own hands, in general, it is possible to fulfill it to many. It is important to observe the main stages of installation and not to miss important points. Only in this case, it is possible to guarantee the long service life of the structure.

• The drainage system is mounted after all facade work is completed, but the installation of the roof is still unfinished. That is, before laying the roofing, the drainage system must be fully assembled. It is this order that will allow construction as comfortable as possible.
• At the stage of preliminary preparation, you can combine some elements to each other and process them with a special composition. So, plugs can be installed on the gutter, and the joints are smeared with a special waterproof sealant. It is also necessary to note the place of installation of the ravines on the gutters and cut it using scissors for metal (in cases of metal structure) or other building tools.

Important! The hole on the groove should be a little smaller diameter than the exit of the funnel. Next, you should fix the funnel using special latches and the provided lock connection.

• At the main stage of the work, horizontal structural elements are installed, that is, the gutter is attached to the roofing system. To begin with, the gutter holder is mounted in order to determine how much this element is necessary, the estimated length of the gutter (building perimeter) should be divided into segments of not more than 90 cm (it is a little more often than 50-60 cm) and this number of brackets will be required.

• When the calculation is made and the element is available in the required quantity, you can proceed to applying the marking. To do this, on the lower edge of the rafter board with a pencil or marker, points are marked at equal distances, this will be the installation sites. With the help of screws (3 pieces for each hook), long hooks are screwed here. At the same time, long hooks are mounted to the spread of roofing material, and short ones are allowed to install and already with a laid canvas.
• The gutter holders should have a slope of at least 5 mm per 1 linear meter, that is, their installation is carried out with a vertical displacement. On each holder there is a place for the bend and with the help of a special tool (hook -bike) each holder is bent. The hooks are installed in such a way that the edge of the roof is in the center of the gutter. The place of the bend should be clearly leveled along one line.
• You can create the right slope in a simple way. To do this, install the first and last brackets with the right angle and fix it, pull the thread between them and smooth all the other hooks along it.
• After the long brackets are installed, you can close them with waterproofing material and put the crate. Sometimes hooks are initially mounted on the bars of the crate, the method is selected the most suitable in each case.
• The next step is the installation of the gutter. Since plugs and funnels have already been recorded on it, it is enough to simply install the groove on the holders and fix it with special mounts. It is imperative to consolidate both the external and the inner edge so that the element is located as firmly as possible.

• Often, the buildings have a large length than the parameters of one gutter, so the elements must be joined with each other. For this, the connecting element is used. To compensate for expansion during temperature fluctuations, it is recommended to leave a distance of up to 5 mm between the grooves. Connectors with a round cross section, as a rule, have a lock connection, which very firmly fixes the elements. In addition, the correct connector has a rubber seal that does not allow the liquid to flow under the gutter. Connectors for rectangular gutters have bending latches on each side and are usually not equipped with a seal. With this option, it is necessary to fill the joints with sealant.

An example of installationdrainage system of aquasystems

• After all horizontal elements are installed, you can proceed to the installation of the vertical part. To do this, the corner knee is fixed to the funnel. But before coming to the direct collection of the drain pipe, holders should be mounted. This element is installed with a distance of not more than 1 m from each other. If the pipe does not exceed a meter, then at least two holders are required, otherwise the detail will lose its functionality.
• It is advisable to install the bracket so that it falls on the joints of the pipes (either a pipe with the contour). It should be borne in mind that the total length of the drain should be such that when installing a drain knee, its edge is at a distance of no more than 20-30 from the ground.
• The clamps are fixed to the wall with the mount provided by the manufacturer, that is, they distinguish installation on a wooden base and on brick masonry. The pipe in the bracket is fixed by the existing lock. The pipe should retreat from the wall at a distance of at least 4 cm. The pipes are connected to each other with special couplings.

Installation of the gutrum system video

On this installation of the drainage system is considered complete. To check, you can wait for the first rain, but it is better to pour water into the gutter yourself or let it down on roofing material. If problems are detected, it is necessary to correct them immediately, otherwise, in the future, both the design of the drain and the elements of the structure may suffer.

Manufacturers offer very durable and reliable drainage systems, which can last without changing their main characteristics and functions for more than 20 years.