Installation of the water supply of the cottage

Water is the most important source of human life. On the other hand, such an engineering system as water supply refers to the first condition of the comfortable life of households, despite whether they live in city jungle or outside the city. Owners of modern cottages are familiar with the firsthand with the problem of water supply. This issue is regardless of its problematicity, it is necessary to solve at the stage of building a house. And we will tell you how to do this.

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Calculation of the water supply of the cottage

A person needs only 3 liters of drinking water per day, but he uses much more for economic purposes - 120-250 liters. This is, in particular, the consumption during the operation of the washing and dishwasher, when washing dishes and cooking. Another 50-60 liters will go to the morning shower, and for taking a bath you can immediately write off 200 liters from the balance. In addition, 50-70 liters are required to wash out waste waste. Did you know that the consumption of water in the house, based on the calculation per person, reaches about 200-250 liters?

A family, which consists of four people, uses 1 cubic meter of water in urban conditions per day. If we talk about the water supply system of a suburban cottage, then the indicated number is safely multiply by 5. If someone believes that only within the limits of civilization the cost of water is high, and in the city it will be able to do with a lower volume, it is very mistaken.

In the modern cottage, as in the city, a washing and dishwasher is used, there is a shower, and a jacuzzi, and a sauna, which also requires water supply, and sometimes even a huge pool. In addition, water supply to a decorative pond or fountain, watering the garden, lawn and greenhouses with flower beds, washing pets and a car, are added to the above water consumptions. Thus, based on the calculation of the water supply of the cottage, the daily water consumption can reach 5 cubic meters.

Options for the water supply of the cottage

The water supply of a modern cottage is solved in two ways, therefore, first of all, you need to choose between centralized and autonomous water supply. Centralized water supply is carried out using a central water supply and a water tower or a pumping station. But I would like to immediately warn you, if you go to this step (centralized heating), then be prepared, for weak pressure and constant lack of water, frequent interruptions in water supply, chlorinated water and high monthly water payments.

Since your comfort depends on the constant and uninterrupted operation of the washing and dishwasher, the soul and other benefits of civilization, it is better to think about the autonomous water supply, which is performed by three methods: with the help of a well on your site, a private sandy well or a private artesian water well.

Unfortunately, the hydrogeology of our country is such that in any area it will be possible to organize water supply from the well, since there are no water horizons within close reach with manual digging. Due to the technogenic contaminants of surface water at the site of thick private development, the quality in the water wells will be such that it is only suitable for watering the flowerbed. And, frankly, the traditional methods of water supply to the cottage with the help of a well and hose are no longer relevant in modern conditions.

The autonomous water supply system of the cottage should be reliable and effective, as well as to save without creating damage to comfort. If you have a large cottage, it is wiser to establish water supply from an artesian well, since interpoplanetic waters will not excrete even in severe heat, and the quality of water from the well is much higher than from a well.

In addition, the so -called human factor does not apply to water supply from the well. The well is drilled mechanically with a special drilling rig, they dig a well manually, so it is not known how to get it. This source is able to provide water with your family in unlimited quantities within its own performance - about 3 meters of cubic per hour. This amount of water is enough for household use, watering the site and lawn, filling the pool and pond.

The water supply of the house from the artesian well is the most long -term solution to the problem as a whole, you will provide yourself with water for life. You should not be embarrassed by the high price of the water supply of the cottage, since, having spent once, you will use water for a long period (more than 50 years), and the use of polymer technologies will extend the useful life of the artesian well up to 100 years. But there is one drawback of such water supply, with inaction, wells are capable of sinking, but this does not threaten us, we live in the cottage year-round.

DIY water water supply

The installation of the water supply system of the cottage includes the installation of its individual components such as automated pumping stations that supply water, hydraulic accumulator, external water supply networks, metering and input nodes, internal water supply, water purification systems, water heating equipment regulating the pressure of the station.

Drilling well for limestone

DIRETTLE FISCISIONAL PAYTHING DIRE DIRE DIRE DIY design, water from which the water will be pumped with a submersible pump. As part of the preparation of the water supply project, calculate the approximate volume of water, check the placement of the aquifer and determine the diameter and depth of the column. For the water supply of the cottage, it is better to drill a well for limestone (up to 100 meters), since the well for sand has a limited period of use (up to 15 years).

The diameter of the well for limestone reaches 300 millimeters, and the performance of about 100 cubic meters per hour. Also, when designing an artesian well, it is recommended to do water analysis to optimize the use of filters and other water treatment equipment.

To drill an artesian well on your site, it is recommended to contact a drill company of the city, it is a fairly hard work. The cost of drilling one meter of soil will be approximately 1,500 - 2000 rubles. Before signing the drilling contract, it is necessary to clarify whether the passport is issued in this organization, which indicates all the necessary characteristics of the well (height and depth of the mirror, debit).

In order to the possibility of all -season operation of the artesian well, it must be supplemented with a caisson that will protect it from a cold. Visually, it is a tank with a lid that is welded to the casing. Kesson is able to provide constant positive temperatures in the area of \u200b\u200bthe well's mouth due to the deepening below the depth of freezing. High tightness of this design will protect the well from sources of external pollution. It is better not to practice the use of concrete rings for this purpose, so as not to rack your head about the reliable solution to the problem of sealing the structure.

Arrangement of an artesian well

Work on the arrangement of the well can be performed independently. This applies to the connection of the necessary equipment - immersion of the pump, strapping the well, connection of automation. When choosing a pump for uninterrupted water supply to the house, remember that the supply of water from the well is carried out by a submersible model, and from the well with a superficial pump. Although these two systems are identical in their components (pumping installation, pipeline and water management systems), it is undesirable to do the opposite!

You can choose a submersible pump for the water supply of the cottage from a huge number of varieties of pumps. The most popular today are the German pumps of the manufacturer Grundfos, the Italian company Water Technics Inc. also proven itself perfectly. Having decided on the manufacturer, you need to choose a pump model. Calculate the performance and the maximum possible pressure of the pump for this.

The main function of the accumulator is to maintain constant pressure in the water supply system of the cottage and reduce the load on the pump. They differ exclusively by the volume of water accepted. There are hydraulic boards with a volume of 10 - 1000 liters. If the cottage is small for 3-5 cranes, one bath and one toilet, then it is best to choose a hydraulic tank for 50-100 liters. If you plan to equip the pool at home and build fountains on the site, you should spend on a large accumulator.

The final stage in the arrangement of the well is the installation and configuration of automation systems. Similar systems include a pressure relay and control panel. The pressure relay is necessary for installing the maximum and minimum pressure in the system. The remote control controls the automation, that is, with the inclusion and stopping of the pump, the operation of the heat relay sensor, the sensor of dry stroke and the pressure relay.

Even when installing the simplest water supply system, it is recommended to use trunk filters of fine water cleaning. Of great importance is the presence of a special cable for drinking water for connecting a pump and a stainless steel cable. Since all equipment for an artesian well takes up a lot of space, it needs to be protected from atmospheric influences, it requires care and maintenance, so you need to arrange a special room, which is usually called a pumping, based on its main purpose.

Installation of the courtyard line

After you drilled and arranged a well, the question of ensuring water supply from the well to the cottage arises, for which they do the wiring of the water supply system to the cottage, along the surrounding territory and auxiliary buildings. The water supply of a modern cottage is divorced through the following rooms: a bathroom and a bathroom, a kitchen, a sauna, a household, a greenhouse, etc., where water supply is required.

Previously, a whole list of problems was connected with the issue of water supply to the cottage, since there were only metal pipes that have many shortcomings. Metal pipes are subject to corrosion, there are also risks of freezing in the cold months. If corrosion occurs, the integrity of the pipe is impaired, leaks will occur, and the pressure will also decrease. In addition, as a result of freezing, the pipe can burst from the inside due to ice.

But modern technologies allow these dangers to avoid. As you know, plastic pipes are not subject to corrosion, they also do not burst in case of freezing, which gives them tangible advantages over metal ones. The high plastic pipe can significantly reduce the number of compounds in the water supply system of the cottage, which reduces the time of laying the pipeline.

For all -season use of water in your house, including the winter season, it is recommended to lay the pipeline from the well to the cottage below the depth of freezing, since such pipes when freezing are able to deform, which can affect the serviceability of the pump. Therefore, you need to pay attention to the insulation of the outer part of the water supply, and for laying pipes it is necessary to dig trenches, which has a depth of 1.6 meters. Also in recent years, plastic pipes that have a heat -insulating coating have gained wide popularity.

In addition, there is the possibility of equipping pipes using a heating cable, because even the pipeline at a depth of two meters using pipe insulation cannot guarantee that the water will not freeze in severe frosts in accordance with all the rules. By the way, most often the water freezes in that part of the pipeline where it passes directly through the foundation of the cottage and rises through a non -heated underput into the living room.

A self -regulating heating cable is able to maintain the temperature of the water in the pipeline at the proper level. If the cottage does not have a heated basement floor, it is necessary to use a heating cable! In addition, electricity consumption will be minimal - an average of 16 W/m. The price of a heating cable along with the sealing of the ends and a fork will be released about 330-350 rubles per meter.

It is necessary to select the diameter of the pipes, given the volume of water from the source and the standards of SNiPs. The most common are pipelines that differ in a flow rate of 0.03 0.12 meters of cubic per second and the external pipe diameter from 32 to 63 centimeters. Entering the pipeline into the cottage is best done through the basement. Also, at this stage, it is necessary to install sewer pipes from the main sewer line to the foundation of the cottage.

Intra -house water supply network

Before you engage in the installation of the water supply, it is necessary to develop a circuit for the water supply of the cottage inside the housing, which in most cases consists of such components: like plumbing, pipeline, mixers, water heating and creating hot water supply, locking and regulatory reinforcing net.

Water supply pipes are recommended to be laid below electrical wires and gas supply pipes, pipes with hot water should always be higher than pipes with cold. It is customary to lay pipes in the floor screed, sometimes in the wall, and the distributor is installed in a special cabinet. The connection between the consumption point and the distributor is performed from one piece of the pipe. The possibility of leaks due to this is minimized.

Pipes must be protected from mechanical damage, so the segments that are laid in the floor should be placed in a protective pipe. The passage of the pipes through the ceilings and the walls must be performed in protective couplings. If such pipes are conducted from a garage or boiler room, then these compounds must be taken by gas -resistant.

The water supply system requires overlapping valves. It is recommended that each washbasin, washing, shower, bath or a group of these devices have separate valves for example, one for the devices that are mounted in the kitchen and the other for devices in the bathroom. Thanks to this, when replacing the mixer or gasket, it will not be necessary to drain water from the entire water supply system of the cottage.

In the water supply system of the cottage, immediately behind the pump or water meter, it is necessary to install a mechanical grid filter. The device is able to catch large hard particles: rust or sand, which will be protected by mixers, filters and other installations that are mounted in the internal water supply system. The filter performance should correspond to the total volume of water, which proceeds through the system.

Filters can capture particles of various diameters. It is better to choose a device that delays particles more than 90 m. Filters with a more frequent cell that delay smaller contaminants, create a stream of water too much resistance. At times, the installation of filters that prepare water is also required for the water supply system for the water supply system, this will depend on its quality.

Most often, water, which is extracted from a greater depth from under the layers that do not pass water, contains a lot of magnesium, manganese, lime and iron. If desired, it is possible to install a high -tech water treatment system, which is based on the ion -intensive process and membrane technologies. Such cleaning schemes are a comprehensive system, where constructively, in the form of a single module, the installation of different equipment, which provides complete comprehensive water purification and its disinfection.

Also, at this stage, it is necessary to install an internal sewage system, collecting drains from each plumbing device. These are shells, sinks, toilets, installation points of dishwashers and washing machines, plums in the floor, showers and baths.

Hot water supply of the cottage

Of course, to increase the comfort of life requires hot water supply to the cottage. With hot water, a modern cottage can be supplied from the boiler, but in this case a separate heating circuit, or from the water heater, is required. But the main energy used to heat water is electricity, but solid fuel (coal and firewood) is practically not used today, alternative sources, for example, solar collectors are dynamically developing in our time, but have not yet been widely used.

Water heating equipment can be accumulative or flowing type, according to the location method, it is divided into floor and wall. The principle of operation of the flow water heater lies in the fact that the water that passes through the case is heated. Electric water heaters are also included in tight equipment, which warm water using an uninsulated spiral or heater.

Electric type water heaters can be unpaid for one water fence and pressure - connected to several points of water intake, with electric or hydraulic control. It is more economically and almost appropriate, to include two different water heating devices in the system of hot water supply to save on energy and use hot water.

Thus, the water supply of the cottage is an important issue at the construction stage. The main factors that determine the cost of installing the water supply of a cottage or a country house are such: the amount of water that is required to meet the needs of the homeowner, his family and farm, the condition for using the water supply system and the parameters of the well for water.

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