How to change the crowns in a wooden house

A wooden house is undeniably durable and reliable, but it also has weaknesses. The lower crowns of the house, and especially the embedded crown, eventually become unusable. The reason is most often errors in construction and operation. The lower crown gets wet from contact with melt and rainwater, as well as groundwater, if the foundation waterproofing is not quite qualitatively performed. But you know that many old wooden houses are at all without a foundation, and the lower crowns are simply dug into the ground. Work on the repair and replacement of rotten crowns is laborious and complex, as well as financially costly. Sometimes it is cheaper to ruin the old house and build a new one. But there are also situations when changing the crowns is easier and cheaper, as well as preferable. This happens when a house of roads as a memory or is of architectural value.

1. How to change the crown of the house various ways
   • Replacing a rotten section of a crown without raising a house
   • Breeding all the crowns of the house
   • Replacing a rotten crown with brickwork
   • Partial disassembly of the strip foundation
   • Raising a wooden house with jacks
   • Huting a house on special designs
2. How to change the lower crowns, raising a wooden log house
   • Preparatory work before raising the house
   • Rise a house from a column foundation
   • Lifting a house from a strip foundation
   • Replacement of the upper and lower logs of the crown
3. How to change the embedded crown of the frame house

How to change the crown of the house various ways

Some 100 years ago, the family itself was engaged in the repair of a wooden house, inviting neighbors to help. For almost all villagers, the replacement of the crowns of the house was commonplace. In extreme cases, at least once in his life, a person was present when replacing rotten crowns and imagines a process in practice. Now many knowledge and dexterity are lost. And although the technologies of replacing the crowns of a wooden house have not changed much, it is not worth doing such work on your own. Mistakes can do too expensive. Either the house will fall apart, or move from the foundation, or the roof and ceilings will be broken, or the chimney will collapse. In general, it is better to entrust the replacement of crowns to professionals with experience.

Below we describe various technologies on how to change rotten crowns. But this information is presented only to familiarize yourself with the process and nuances. Do not perceive it as the truth in the last instance. Indeed, in the repair of a wooden house, much depends on various conditions: the size of the house, the condition of the crowns and the foundation, the presence of free space around the structure, the presence of extensions under one roof with the house, the presence of a furnace and chimney, and much more. An experienced eye of a professional sees and notices all these nuances, but we cannot foresee them, therefore we will describe only general technologies and recommendations.

Replacing a rotten section of a crown without raising a house

A fairly common situation when the log of the lower crown was not completely rotted, but only some kind of site is damaged. In this case, it is not necessary to replace the entire lower crown. Especially if the rise of the house is fraught with a number of difficulties. For example, if a log house is on a strip foundation. In order not to destroy the foundation, you can simply replace damaged areas of the lower log.

• First of all, we determine the damaged area by eye.
• Then, using a chisel, we determine how the rot spread. Clean in both directions from the damage. Most often, with the help of a chisel, it is revealed that the area of \u200b\u200bdamage is much larger than the one that is noticeably naked eye.
• We retreat from the edges of the damaged area 40 cm in one and the other.
• We install screeds 2 3 crown high. We take the boards with a thickness of 40 mm and nail them to the log house on both sides of the wall: outside and inside. We drill holes in the first and last tightened crown. We insert through the screeds-spilles with a diameter of at least 12 mm.

• We cut out the damaged part of the chainsaw and remove it.
• In the repaired crown, we make cuts 20 cm wide. They are necessary for a strong connection with a new insertion of the log.
• We make an insert of the log of the same diameter. Its length should be equal to the cut area. Be sure to carry out the response cuts on the insert.
• We insert the insert into the place of the drunk damaged area. We finish it in place with a sledgehammer, putting a bar under it.
• In the place where the cuts of 20 cm are made, we make through holes 3 on each side and drive into them in order to fasten the old log and the insert among themselves.

Do not forget to pump all the cracks with moss, jute or Pacley.

In a similar way, you can replace the entire lower crown in parts. Cutting out parts of the logs and replacing them with new ones. Then it is necessary to cut off the corner compounds and replace them as well. The new crown obtained in this way will be less durable than solid. Therefore, this technology can be considered only in extreme cases or as a temporary measure.

Breeding all the crowns of the house

The most time -consuming way to replace the crowns of the house is the bulkhead of the entire log house. Each crown is disassembled, all logs are inspected and replaced by new ones. This method of repair is not suitable for an operated house. It can be considered if it is necessary to repair an old abandoned house, a bathhouse or, on the contrary, a recently built log house. Also, the bulkhead of all the crowns of the house will be needed to replace the upper crowns of the house under the roof, which also often suffer from moisture.

Replacing a rotten crown with brickwork

You can bring a brickwork under a wooden house both with the rise of the house and without lifting. It depends on the conditions: on what basis is the house, how old it is and how much forces and means are you ready to invest in its repair.

For example, if the old house lies right on the ground without a foundation, you can replace the crown with brickwork without raising the house. In the same way, if the house is on a columnar foundation. It is enough to cut the most affected areas of the logs of the lower crown, as described above, and then perform a brick foundation. Its surface must be brought under the upper crown, which is in good condition.

Thus, you can cut sections of logs in parts and perform brickwork. It is best to start from the corners of the house, cut off the corner joints and perform a reliable support. The height of brickwork can be different. There are cases when the house stands on the ground, and even under a slight slope. Then, at the lowest point, several rotten crowns are replaced with brickwork at once, and at higher points only one crown.

If the house is on the foundation, then it makes sense to raise it on the jacks. To do this, use hydraulic and screw jacks. First, they raise the house in the corners, level it and put a temporary support at the corners. Next, the surface of the existing foundation is cleaned, aligned and building brickwork.

It is recommended to remove all window frames and door boxes, since when raised they can be damaged.

Partial disassembly of the strip foundation

If a wooden house is on the strip foundation and you need to replace the lower crown or several crowns, then you will have to raise the house on the jacks. To be able to substitute a jack for a log house, it is necessary to partially destroy the foundation. Usually otter a niche 40 cm wide, with a height such that you can place a jack. In this case, it is necessary to retreat from the corner of the house 70 cm 1 m.

Before installing the jack, it is necessary to cut a piece of logs of the lower crown so that you can rest the jack on the log of the upper crown. There are also options for raising a house without a jack using a durable lever.

You can raise both one side of the house, and the whole house at the same time. Although for less distortion it is still recommended to raise the whole house at once. For this, the niches in the foundation should be located on the opposite sides of the house at least two niches on each side. Niches should be located at an equal distance from the corners of the house. The log house is raised by 7 10 cm, remove old logs and replaced with new ones. Then they repair the destroyed foundation. The disadvantage of this method is that after the repair the integrity of the foundation is violated, which means that its strength is reduced.

Raising a wooden house with jacks

For the full repair of the lower crowns of the house and the foundation, the wooden house is raised on the jacks. It is most convenient when the house is on the column foundation, you will not have to destroy anything. Just between the support of the foundation, a strong base for the jack is set. It can be a concrete block, for example.

All the beginning, a piece of the old log or several logs is cut out at first, if it is planned to replace not one, but several crowns. For example, when replacing the three lower crowns, it is necessary to cut three logs, install the jack and rest it on the log of the fourth crown.

This method is considered the most reliable and is used everywhere.

Huting a house on special designs

Another innovation of hanging a house on special supports, which are made for a particular building. Usually this method is used when they plan a high -quality repair of a wooden house, which stands without a foundation or the foundation requires complete reconstruction.

The structure is made from metal channels and it is made under a log house. First, the log house is raised on the jacks, and then lowered to the support from the channel. The support points of the design itself from the channel are carried out of the log house. Therefore, after replacing rotten crowns, you can easily fill a strong foundation, and the house can be on the supports until the concrete of the foundation freezes and gain strength.

How to change the lower crowns, raising a wooden log house

Let us consider in more detail the most common option for replacing the lower crowns of a wooden house. We immediately warn that the work is laborious and dangerous, associated with a number of difficulties. Therefore, do not perform them yourself, it is better to hire a team of professionals. First of all, calculate how much it costs to change the crown of the house in your region. Prices are different. Some brigades agree to 40 thousand rubles, while others only for 100,120 thousand rubles. Plus, count the cost of the material. Further technology is given for familiarization.

Preparatory work before raising the house

A wooden house cannot be lifted as it is. It is imperative to carry out a number of preparatory work:

• Sales and even windows of windows must be removed. It also applies to doors and door boxes. In the process of raising the house, they may be damaged to crack, skew or split.
• All heavy furniture must be taken out of the house. It will be better if the log house is absolutely empty.
• The wooden floor must be separated from the walls. If the floor is not cut into the embedded crown, but above, it is not planned to replace this upper crown, then the floor can be left as it is. If the floors of the floor are cut into the embedded crown, then the floor will have to be disassembled, make the support columns for the lags and separate them from the crown.
• If the house has a stove or fireplace, they should be located on a separate foundation. If this is not so, then the rise of the house is impossible.
• The chimney of the furnace or fireplace must be separated from floors and roofs so that in the process of raising the house, the heavy chimney does not destroy the ceilings and roofing material.

• The crowns of the house that are not planned to be replaced must be fastened and fixed. To do this, use boards with a thickness of 40 mm. At a distance of 50 cm from the corner of the house, the boards are nailed vertically to the log house. The lower edge of the board should be recorded in the lowest crown of those that are not planned to be replaced. The upper edge is fixed into the upper crown. The boards must be placed on the inside of the log house and from the external. The upper and lower edge are fixed with through bastards. All this is necessary so that the house does not lead when raising.

After preparatory work, it is necessary to clear the place around the house for the convenience of work as much as possible. If there are extensions to the house that are under the same roof with the house, you must try to separate their roof. Otherwise, the rise of the house will be impossible without the destruction of the roof. When all the preparations are completed, you can proceed to the rise of the house.

Rise a house from a column foundation

Raising a house standing on a column foundation is easier and more convenient.

• First of all, it is necessary to prepare a niche in which the jack will stand. He will rest against the upper healthy crown. Therefore, in all lower logs subject to replacement, a plot is cut sufficient to install a jack.

• Then they measure the height of the jack with a drowned and slightly raised rod and compare it with a height from the ground to the log, into which it is necessary to rest the jack.
• The situation is quite common when you have to make a digging to install a jack.
• A strong support is equipped under the jack: a shield of 50x50 boards, a concrete block or others.
• The head of the jack rests on the lower log, only not directly into the wood, but always through the lining of a metal plate.

There should be 4 such jacks. Two from the opposite wide sides of the house. They must be placed at a distance of 80 100 cm from the corner of the house.

Lifting a house from a strip foundation

In the case of a strip foundation, you can also do without the destruction of the foundation, but you will have to work hard.

• In the replaced logs, windows are cut so that you can start a lever-broken.
• From the inside, the floor of the house should be disassembled so that the lever freely enters the space of the underground.

• As a lever, you can use a log, channel or block.
• The jacks are installed outside the house as close to the foundation as possible.
• A lever is developed in the window and a concrete block, for example, or a stack of boards, is installed under its inner end.
• The outer edge of the lever is laid on the jack, as shown in the photo.
• Next, with the help of a jack, a lever rises, and with it the house. At this time, it is necessary to put the wedges between the foundation and the hovering house.

After the house is raised, you can replace the logs of the crown. Please note that with the help of levers you can only raise each side in turn. Also, after replacing the logs, you will have to close the technological slot through which the lever was inserted.

Replacement of the upper and lower logs of the crown

So, the house hangs, back to how to change the crown of a wooden house.

The crown consists of the upper and lower logs that are interconnected in the corners. It is necessary to raise the log house so that the jacks rest on the upper logs.

• Then, when raising a log house to the jacks, the lower log of the dressing is unfrozen. It should be removed.

• Instead, temporary supports are installed under the lower log of the next crown.
• Now you can lower the jacks. Together with them, the upper log of the dressing will fall. It should also be removed.
• Two logs are prepared instead of the upper logs of the lower crown. They must be thoroughly processed so that the cup fit tightly to the upper old log. Much will have to be filled out and cut along the work.
• The upper lobe log is installed on the jacks, hemp material is laid on the surface.
• Next, the jack rises with the log, and the log is pressed to the upper return log.
• The jack must be lifted a little higher, together with the house, so that you can remove temporary supports on other walls.

• Then remove temporary supports.
• Now you can change the lower log of the strapping. In the same way, it should be cut off and accurately fitted under the return log.
• Then it is laid on the jacks, heated material is placed on top and lifted up, clinging to the response log.

At this time, the jacks on the neighboring walls can be lowered. Before lowering the jacks, it is necessary to repair and waterproof the surface of the foundation in order to eliminate the spoilage of wood in the future.

Replacing logs of the lower crown of the house on the tape foundation is practically no different. Just logs rise and pressed with a lever. After all the work, it is necessary to repair the window through which the lever was drawn.

If it is necessary to replace several lower crowns at once, then first it is necessary to fold them on a separate site. The densely fitted logs should form a strong design of the crowns of the house. In the process of the change of replacement, it is necessary to fit the upper logs under the response. A lot of time and resources are spent on this. And subsequent logs are easily replaced, as they are already fitted on the ground.

How to change the embedded crown of the frame house

Frame and shield houses are also installed on the mortgage crown. Only as a support is not a log, but a beam. Replacing the embedded crown under the frame house is also a very troublesome business. The technology of raising the house itself is practically no. There are only a few important nuances:

• Before raising the house, it is necessary to remove the skin from the frame at least to the window opening.

• Then you should strengthen the frame. To do this, at the level of the window around the perimeter of the house, boards are nailed with a thickness of 40 50 mm. In the same way as in the case of a log house, boards must be fixed from both the outside and from the inside. At the edges and in steps of 1 m, it is necessary to fasten with through stilettos.
• The technology for raising a frame house with jacks does not differ from raising a log house. Only you can not raise a house from a strip foundation using levers. We will have to partially destroy the foundation.

• After raising the house, it must be fixed. For this, special supports are made, as in the picture.
• The support racks are made from a beam of 100x80 mm. The length of the ugs should be such that the stand rests on the fastening frame of the boards.

• So that the support stand does not go under the weight of the house, its lower edge should be fixed. For example, perform a 5 cm niche in a blind area or concrete block into which it will rest. If there are no blindings, you can rest the rack on a wooden shield. In this case, it must be dug into the ground by 15 cm, and in the shield itself, make a recess, as in the blind area.

Similar racks must be installed with a step of 2 m along the entire wall. After the house has been raised on the jacks, the support racks are installed. Then, neatly, the jacks are lowered at the same time, the house is lowered to the support racks.

In this position, the house can hang while replacing the embedded crown and repair of the foundation.

It is better to change the crowns in a wooden house in the dry season in May June. Replacing logs in a log house is still easier than replacing in a frame or shield house. You do not have to dismantle so much. And the risk that the frame will lead much more than the log house will fall apart. Raising the house on the jacks, it is important to ensure that it rises evenly. Otherwise, the house can move out of the foundation, which cannot be allowed.