Ways to finish the floor with your own hands. Choosing a flooring in a private house

Modern technologies and building materials allow you to make a practical, reliable and most comfortable floor in a private house. The flooring should correspond to the style of the entire room and a number of technical and operational requirements. Each finishing material has both advantages and disadvantages. When arranging the floor, it is necessary to compare the conditions of use, the installation procedure and the price policy of different coatings.

1. The main requirements for flooring
2. Linoleum availability and practicality of application
   • Advantages and disadvantages of linoleum
   • Classification of coating according to various criteria
   • Linoleum laying technology
3. Laminate Modern Decor solution
   • Structure and characteristics of the material
   • Features of the operation of the laminate
   • Rules for the installation of fiberboxes
4. Parquet naturalness and aesthetics of coating
   • Pros and cons of a wooden floor
   • How to choose and lay parquet
5. Tile strength and durability of cladding
   • Operational characteristics of the material
   • Paul cladding with tiles

The main requirements for flooring

Various rooms in the house have different requirements for various rooms. Operational parameters, construction standards of arrangement are defined in SNiP 2.03.13-88 and SP 29.13330.2011.

General requirements for all coatings:

• non -slip smooth surface;
• high strength;
• simplicity of care;
• resistance to abrasion, mechanical exposure and UV rays;
• sufficient level of sound absorption;
• environmental friendliness and hygiene;
• fire and explosion safety.

Any dwelling can be divided into several functional zones: household/passing, living rooms and rest rooms. Based on the classification, the optimal methods of flooring are determined:

1. The hallway of a peculiar gateway between the street and the house. Sand and dirt fall into the room with shoes, so the floor should be strong, easy to clean and are not afraid of moisture. Ceramic tiles and linoleum will cope with these tasks perfectly.
2. Bath and toilet zone of high humidity. The flooring should be sealed and absolutely moisture resistant. Porcelain stoneware and tiles meet these requirements.
3. Kitchen. The finish should have the same properties as in the bathroom. In addition, it is important that fat pollution can easily be removed from the floor.
4. Balcony. For insulated loggia, a coating is suitable for temperature fluctuations. On open balconies, it is better to lay a stone or tile.
5. The bedroom and the children's room. The finish should be environmentally friendly, wear -resistant and have good heat transfer.

Linoleum availability and practicality of application

Advantages and disadvantages of linoleum

As a rule, consumers are facing linoleum or laminate. When choosing a floor finish, you need to compare the advantages and disadvantages of materials.

Advantages of using linoleum:

• a variety of types, colors and shapes can be selected for any interior;
• simplicity and installation speed;
• the low thermal conductivity of the linoleum floors is warm enough;
• good sound insulation;
• unpretentiousness in care;
• long service life up to 30-50 years;
• the economy of the finish.

Negative sides of linoleum:

• insufficient resistance to mechanical damage from severe furniture may remain dents;
• the sensitivity to too low and high temperatures at frost is cracking, and at a temperature of more than 70C linoleum is deformed.

Classification of coating according to various criteria

When choosing linoleum, you need to focus on the main parameters of the material:

• coating composition;
• linoleum structure;
• the purpose of the finish.

Classification by composition (binder):

1. Natural. It is made of pine resin, linseed oil, wood flour, oak bark, natural dyes and limestone. It is manufactured with a base and with a base from a jute canvas. The coating does not burn out, resistant to acids, alcohol and fats.
2. Rubber (Relin) two -layer material. The base is crushed wood, and the upper synthetic rubber. It is characterized by high moisture resistance, elasticity. Lack of toxicity. Linoleum is not suitable for residential premises.
3. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Available on a fabric, foam and non -woven base. Minus PVC-linoleum when laying the material gives shrinkage.
4. Nitro -cellulose baseless thin coating with high moisture resistance. Lack of increased ignition.
5. Glyftalaye. Great heat and sound characteristics. During installation, it must be taken into account that over time the canvas increases in width, but decreases in length.

Based on the purpose, linoleum is divided into four groups:

1. Household based on polyester, coating thickness 1-6 mm. It has a multilayer structure.
2. Special with increased strength. Suitable for sports grounds. Medical institutions use a material with a bactericidal coating.
3. The semi -commercial characteristics is similar to domestic linoleum, the main difference is the presence of an enhanced protective layer.
4. Commercial creeps in high passage rooms with maximum load.

The structure distinguishes:

• homogeneous homogeneous composition based on PVC grains and dyes; has low abrasion;
• heterogeneous consists of many layers (fiberglass, natural fabric, PVC, etc.); Resistant to loads.

Linoleum laying technology

The whole process of installing linoleum on the floor can be divided into several stages:

1. Surface preparation:
   • create an optimal temperature regime of at least 18C, humidity up to 60 two days before and two days after the flooring;
   • dismantle plinths, remove all the garbage and dry the surface;
   • in a concrete base, flasher;
   • it is advisable to warm the floor with sheets of fiberboard.
2. Coating preparation. Put the rolls vertically and leave in this position for two days. Linoleum should be in the room in which it will be laid. One day before laying, roll the roll, cut, taking into account the bends near the doorway and walls.
3. Laying without fixation:
   • lay out linoleum and turn out allowances;
   • if one canvas is not enough, then you need to dock the drawing of different segments;
   • glue the joints with bilateral tape or mastic;
   • attach a ruler close to the wall and draw a sharp knife, cutting off the excess of the canvas;
   • install the plinth.

Laminate Modern Decor solution

Structure and characteristics of the material

Laminate four -layer material. The structure of the coating provides the following elements:

1. The stabilizing base increases the stiffness of the deck, preventing its deformation.
2. The supporting layer of wood -fiber slab is the main component of the structure. It determines the zvuo- and thermal insulation characteristics of the laminate.
3. Decorative coating sets the appearance of the finish.
4. The protective layer consisting of resin on the basis of Melamin and acrylic. The laminate class of wear resistance depends on the thickness of the layer:
   • Classes 21, 23 low strength;
   • Class 31 household use;
   • Class 32 Application in residential premises with increased loads and offices with low cross -country ability;
   • Class 33 production and public buildings;
   • Class 34 coverage for sports grounds.

The characteristics of the coating are largely dependent on the laminate class and the manufacturer. The quality of the material is determined by the following parameters:

• abrasive resistance;
• resistance to delapping;
• color resistance;
• swelling speed during moisture;
• the presence of formaldehyde.

Features of the operation of the laminate

Among the main advantages of the laminate include:

• excellent decorative qualities coating are produced by an accurate imitation of trees of rare varieties, stone, etc.;
• hygiene and safety laminate are great for the nursery and bedrooms;
• the material pleasant to the touch lining is diverse in texture and texture;
• simplicity of care.

Stopping your choice on the laminate, one must take into account some features of its use:

• optimal temperature regime 18-25s;
• permissible humidity 40-70%.

Important! When wet cleaning, it is undesirable to use a large amount of water. If water is regularly seeping into the gap, then in the joints the coating will begin to swell.

Rules for the installation of fiberboxes

Laminate laying should be carried out in compliance with a number of rules:

1. When calculating the laminate, it is necessary to take into account the styling method. Direct installation Add 4-5% of the material to the total area of \u200b\u200bthe finish, a diagonal method of 10-15%.
2. In order to adjust the humidity and temperature of the elements, the laminate before laying must be left for several days in the room.
3. The laminate is laid on a flat surface, this requirement is the same for the concrete base and for the wooden floor.
4. A substrate of polypropylene, polystyrene foam or cork material is laid on the aligned, cleaned surface. The substrate is placed with an overlap at the walls by 2-3 cm.
5. The layout of the laminate begins with the installation of the initial lamella from the corner of the room from the side of the natural source of light. The first row is laid out with a spike against the wall.
6. The next board is brought to the neighboring lamella at a small angle.
7. Before starting installation, you need to make a layout diagram and calculate the number of rows. If the width of the last row is less than 5 cm, then you need to cut two rows (first and final) so that the boards are equal.

Parquet naturalness and aesthetics of coating

Pros and cons of a wooden floor

Parquet is still popular finishing material. Many prefer wooden flooring due to its naturalness, warmth and atmosphere of comfort that he introduces into the house.

Distinctive features of the parquet board:

• the ability to create a decorative pattern on the floor;
• durability and impact resistance of the coating;
• warm surface, pleasant to the touch;
• good sound insulation;
• the possibility of complete or partial restoration.

If we talk about the minuses, they are relative. Consumers believe: the main disadvantages:

• susceptibility to high humidity;
• not suitable for arranging a warm floor;
• to maintain the original type, the parquet should be periodically cycle, polished and varnished;
• low fire resistance;
• high cost of material.

How to choose a parquet right

The advice of experts will help make the right choice:

1. The optimal thickness of the parquet board for residential premises is 13-15 mm, for public places 20-22 mm.
2. The wear resistance of the coating largely depends on the tree breed:
   • the oak is strong, is not subjected to deformation and is resistant to humidity;
   • bee is a beautiful texture of wood, but insufficient strength;
   • cherry variety of noble shades and good indicators of wear resistance;
   • maple stability and strength of wood;
   • nut is unpretentious in care.
3. It is better to choose a coating with a t-lock and uniclinic lock system.
4. There will be no cracks and cracks of varnish on a properly dried board at the end.

Choosing and rules for laying a parquet board: video.

Tile strength and durability of cladding

Operational characteristics of the material

Tiles have a number of advantages. The material, first of all, is valued for resistance to temperature fluctuations and immunity to moisture. Additional advantages of floor tiles:

• environmental friendliness under any operating conditions does not emit toxic substances;
• durability period of service up to 50 years;
• simplicity of care is easily washed;
• antifungal qualities tiles do not rot;
• anti -allergenic properties and fire safety;
• resistance to mechanical influences and abrasion resistance.

Despite the wide list of advantages, the flooring with tiles is not suitable for all rooms. Cons of use of floor tiles:

• the material is cold and hard;
• bad sound insulation;
• traumatic coating;
• the difficulty of installing work on cladding is better to entrust professionals.

Paul cladding with tiles

Facing tiles with a laborious process that requires the work of the experience of the work. The necessary floor decoration tools:

• tile cutter;
• mixer nozzle and electric drill;
• t Rooted spatula;
• rubber spatula for grouting;
• building level;
• rubber hammer.

Expendable materials:

• tile glue;
• soft sponge;
• plastic crosses;
• grout for seams.

General course of work:

1. Preparation of the base. The tile is laid on an even, solid and clean base.
2. Dry layout and marking. It is worth considering that the narrow cuts of the tiles do not look too attractive, wide fragments do not visually stand out.
3. Break of solution. Recommendations on the manufacturing technology of glue, the setting time of the composition are indicated on the package.
4. Laying tiles is performed from left to right. Apply the solution to the base, place the tile and knock on it with a rubber hammer. Put the first row, adhering to the same gaps between the tiles to install crosses. You can adjust the position of the elements within 15-30 minutes after laying.
5. After laying out 5-6 rows, check the horizontal coating. Put a wooden bar on the floor and adjust the cladding with the hammer blows.
6. After the solution is completely dried, wipe the tile seams.

Knead the rubberous solution with a mixer and distribute the mixture at the seams. After 10-15 minutes, remove the excess grouts and wipe the tile with a soft rag.

Paul finish: video.