Crama borderline cutting: work technology

Among the latest developments of universal decorative coatings for the decoration of surfaces, porcelain tiles became. This excellent, in every sense, the material combined the main advantages of natural stone and ceramic tiles. Due to its unique properties, a very strong tile, which in many ways exceeding ordinary ceramic, is actively entering the leaders of construction and finishing materials. However, it is the hardness and high strength of the material that creates some difficulties when laying this cutting of porcelain tile, so you have to use laser, hydro -carmered, plasma and other types of cutting.

Table of contents:

1. Features of porcelain tiles
2. The main advantages of polished porcelain tile over natural materials
3. Methods of cutting and processing porcelain tiles
4. Industrial cutting
5. Marking porcelain tile when cutting at home
6. Features of work by different tools when cutting porcelain tiles
7. Decorative properties of porcelain tiles

Features of porcelain tiles

The process of production of porcelain tile resembles the formation of wild stone, and at the output something like ceramic tiles is obtained. Porcelain stoneware, as the name implies, combined the properties of two materials of ceramic tiles and granite. It is based on high -quality clay with all kinds of pigments, additives and fillers, both chemical and natural origin. It is made under high pressure and at high temperature, the process resembles the birth of natural stone from different components in the bowels of the Earth. Due to its hardness, the cutting of porcelain tile at home is largely complicated.

Although porcelain tile is the number of new finishing materials, it gradually pushes natural marble and granite, ceramic tiles and wild stone. Today, porcelain tiles are vastly used as finishing material and a full decoration of modern interiors. It is used not only in traditional laying of ordinary washing surfaces and mosaic panels on steps and stairs, in bathrooms and bathrooms. Porcelain stoneware can be seen in the interior decoration of the reception of state institutions and banks, on the floor in a medical clinic and on the staircase is dear to the hotel, on the steps at the entrance to the shopping center or in the kitchen of a residential building.

At stations, in supermarkets and in banks, where the surface of the floor and lower part of the walls is subjected to daily intensive loads and mechanical influences, there is no more universal and relatively inexpensive finishing material than porcelain tiles. It is the best suited for large mosaic panels or artistic compositions, where the calculation provides for ornaments and sockets contrasting in color and texture. However, patterned design is impossible without figured cutting of porcelain tile.

Homogenic porcelain tiles or porcelain mass is evenly colored tiles with a natural texture. With some abrasion, it does not change color and texture, but can fade a little over time, without losing attractiveness, but requires polishing. The most popular variety texture of salt and pepper, as well as plain tiles or monocolor. Imitation of natural gems and other varieties of natural stone is the most expensive variant of porcelain tile, and it is considered elite.

Today we learned how to make homogeneous tiles under malachite and jasper, granite and marble, onyx and lapisit, amber and other crafts. There are also options that exactly repeat concrete and asphalt, wild stone and brick masonry, petrified lava, other solid natural surfaces. The technology of their manufacture is approximately the same, but a special pigment and inclusion are required. The most difficult thing is to create porcelain tiles with a game of natural gem and a similar structure. For external similarities with natural fossils to porcelain tiles, inclusions from anthracite, natural marble, chopped glass or fragments of shells of mollusks are often added.

All polished surfaces do not like abrasive detergents and solid particles that can destroy the upper layer of tiles. Water, dripping regularly in the same place, is also able to harm smoothly polished porcelain stoneware. Wet polished surfaces are quite slippery, so this tile is not recommended to lay on the floor of the bathroom, it is more suitable for wall cladding. However, for the floor in the kitchen and the toilet, in the hallway and on the stairs it is indispensable, but still such floors are better to lay out with homogeneous, unwilling tiles.

The main advantages of polished porcelain tile over natural materials

Today, porcelain tile is actively used for independent finish, and for mosaic calculation, and as an additional facing material. It is harmonious in interiors with an emphasis on eco-materials in the decoration, in the neighborhood of wood texture, wild stone, natural textiles, indoor plants and aquariums. Elite polished porcelain tile proved in practice its superiority over natural stone and other finishing materials in a number of parameters:

• its number does not depend on the volume of the stone extracted in the career;
• often it is stronger and has no internal cracks and chips;
• he has excellent consumer characteristics;
• in most cases, porcelain tile is not inferior in quality to natural materials;
• it is more affordable for price;
• its tiles can be cast any dimensions, while some varieties of natural crystals have limited sizes;
• porcelain stoneware is quite homogeneous and devoid of natural defects, which are found in almost all crystalline formations;
• it is convenient in cutting and styling;
• a repeated uniform pattern is guaranteed, in contrast to the natural variety of natural stone;
• this is a safe and environmentally friendly finishing material, and natural stone often has background radiation;
• very hygienic material that practically does not absorb water, unlike simple ceramic tiles;
• porcelain tile has increased wear resistance;
• visually, it is almost not distinguished from natural materials.

The most advantageous porcelain stoneware for stone looks in public reception and restaurants, in office rooms and halls, on the stairs and in the pool, in the hallway and on the balcony. The only difficulty is its cutting, drilling and trimming of ends or cutting porcelain tile at an angle of 45, due to which well -jointly cooked corners are obtained. This work cannot be done at home without equipment, since for the handle of tiles at an angle of 45 a special machine or cutting tool that can master the greater hardness is required.

Wet laying of coasted porcelain tiles gives the highest quality corners processing during decoration.

Methods of cutting and processing porcelain tiles

Cutting porcelain tiles can be mastered at home when there is special equipment. This can be a universal cutting tool with different nozzles, special machine tile cutter, milling cutter, cafeller or other devices. However, most of them can only cut in a straight line, without angles, rounding, bends and holes, for example, cutting porcelain tiles. In most cases, porcelain tile after cutting is additionally required to process, and sometimes uneven chips and other defects on the edge are obtained. If an uneven cut goes under the skirting board, then it does not need to be additionally ennobled, and for figure styling, each line of elements laid on the floor is very important.

1. The drilling of porcelain tile is required in the places of the output of the pipes and the passage of the cable, for the attachment of finishing elements and structures, decor items in interiors. Drilling or evenly cutting porcelain tiles relatively simple and independently, at home.

2. The usual cutting of porcelain tile is necessary to fit tiles under the perimeter of the floor and walls. The selection of tiles in size and perimeter, which will definitely fall on the floor without cutting, is a great success, especially taking into account the fact that a extra centimeter and a half is removed from porcelain tiles. If there is a skill of working with ceramic tiles, then you can work further with porcelain tiles. A quality cut is possible when working with a special disk with diamond spraying and coolant (lubricating-coolering emulsion).

3. Figure cutting is needed to lay out mosaics, structural elements. Circles are cut out when passing through a ceramic border plate of communications. Sometimes the complex design of intricate partitions requires accurate correspondence with the bends of the surface. Sometimes it is necessary to cover an interesting surface relief with tiles, and you can’t do without a curly cut. For complex pattern cutting or other jewelry processing of the edges of the tile you will need hydro -carbraise cutting.

Tip: Given the hardness of the material, it is better to use only carbide drilling drills or a disk with diamond spraying that can overpower porcelain tiles. The shape of the tip is selected depending on the cutting method. Do not rush to put up a universal tool for maximum revolution so as not to burn, but this is how the perfect groove turns out. Remember that it is undesirable to cut the tiles on a dry surface, since a lot of dust and fine crumbs are formed, it can ruin the tool, clogging the disk and other working elements with these weighing.

Industrial cutting

It is impossible to get a cut of tiles as smooth as its natural edges at home, especially when obtaining lines of a complex configuration, so a workshop or workshop with special industrial equipment will come to revenue. For example, laser cutting of porcelain tiles and other methods of special machines and discs for working with particularly solid materials can easily be used to use the task. Masters-instruments use high-precision tools, nozzles with diamond spraying and solid cutters, not to mention hydro-carbrane cutting. Diamond cutting of porcelain tile is possible at home, with a tool with diamond nozzles, it is convenient to make round cutouts. However, any patterns during industrial cutting are done most carefully.

Industrial hydro -carbraise cutting of porcelain tile is an opportunity to cope with the implementation of a complex task for obtaining any figures with smooth edges. The hydro -carbonated method of cutting porcelain tile with water at home is impossible, this is done on the installation for mixing the smallest abrasive particles and water under pressure through a tube with a diameter of up to 0.2 mm. Such cutting does not violate the structure of the tiles, cuts without defects. The porcelain tile itself does not overheat with such cutting, its polished or matte surface structure is preserved.

Cutting porcelain tiles of the video gives only a general idea of \u200b\u200ball varieties of cutting, drilling and other processing of porcelain tile. Today it is not a problem to create an unusual ornament or mosaic pattern, a contrasting frame around the perimeter or other pattern, it is only important to competently develop a sketch and make a cut of tiles of the required shape and size. This will be best done by specialists or builders who have the skills of cutting tiles and having the necessary tool for this.

Marking porcelain tile when cutting at home

It is difficult to give the required form of porcelain tiles at home, but it is best to cut off extra centimeters in a straight line with a tile -cutting tile or roller glass cutter. Before a sharp tile, it is imperative to fix it well, as shown in the video. For marking, you need a marker and a ruler, and the marking line is made on the front side of the tile.

It is important not to be mistaken in measurements, because the floor perimeter is not always strictly rectangular, and a small deviation after a couple of meters can be on the tile with a noticeable error. That is why it is impossible to immediately cut all the tiles according to the same marking. If the parallel sides of the perimeter exactly coincide in length, all angles are 90, then you can safely mark all the tiles along the wall the same way. The limiting line on the cutting machine saves time and effort, since on it you can make a series of multiple cuts of equal sizes without a marker. When laying, if the edge should go under the baseboard or frieze, it does not need to be processed.

Ideally, tiles are installed on a flat surface, porcelain tiles are placed with the front side up and fixed, pressing to the line-cut line, which is provided in a tile cutter. The tile is cut from themselves in the side of the ruler, pressing on a half of the cut tiles, after which the unnecessary part is broken off. If a corner or uneven chip is formed, excess can be removed with pliers.

Tip: errors are excluded on the tile during cutting, because only one incision is allowed, and the tool should work with uniform load. On the front surface of the porcelain tile should be a noticeable groove along which the tile split is made. The cut line itself should be further 1cm about the edge. Sometimes it is advisable to make parts of a round hole on two halves of cut tiles. This operation is performed using a corner on the upper part of the forceps and a metal tooth on the lower.

Features of work by different tools when cutting porcelain tiles

In the absence of a tile cutter for porcelain tile, cutting is suitable for a grinder, the tile is cut from themselves. The tile is also suitable for the semblance of roller glass cutter, and we fix the tile onto the bed, it simultaneously cuts and breaks off the unnecessary part. High -quality cutting of porcelain tile is more affordable and in the presence of a milling cutter on stone at high speeds, but the milling cutter gives a poor -quality slice.

Also, an electric tool, tile cutter or wet cutter, as well as a disk saw with a diamond cutter, are used to cut tiles of porcelain tiles. There are other types of similar equipment, but the principle is the same and the same is important to make a perfectly even groove on the tile and split it without defects.

Decorative properties of porcelain tiles

White polished porcelain tile is sometimes called stone porcelain, and treated surfaces look more luxurious than ceramic tiles. No less interesting surfaces for natural onyx or malachite, which are used for especially luxurious interiors. It is able to imitate other natural materials, with combined styling, the porcelain tile looks even more gorgeous. Finishing the floor of the terrace or porch steps with tiles for natural stone looks especially great, but do not forget that on wet steps from polished porcelain tile it will be slippery. Polished tiles of porcelain tiles are polished to glass shine. Following the laying of smooth porcelain tiles, it is treated with special mastic for additional protection of the polished surface from scratches and microcracks.

In any catalog of building materials, you can find not only an extensive collection of standard tiles of porcelain tile, but also additional design. The proposal includes decorative inserts, skirting boards, curbs, figured parts, sockets and more.