DIY water water supply

More recently, accommodation in a private house was associated with a number of household inconvenience. For example, there was no bathroom or soul in the house, a full -fledged sink in the kitchen, too, toilet on the street, washed only manually. Water had to be worn by buckets from the nearest well or typed from a well with a tap located on the street. As a result, everything that you brought and spend. You wash the dishes in a bowl, bathe in a basin, after heating water in a large container. All these problems are solved by the full water supply of a private house and proper water disposal. Even on the basis of an existing well or well, you can sell water directly to the house to all consumers. This will allow you to use all the modern benefits of civilization, such as a washing machine, a dishwasher, you can take a shower or other water procedures right in the house.

1. What can be the water supply system of a private house
2. Scheme of the water supply system of a private house
3. Water supply of a private house from a well
   • How to dig a well
   • How to connect a pumping station to a well
4. Water supply of a private house from a well
   • How to drill a well
   • How to connect a pumping station to a well
5. Hot water supply of a private house

What can be the water supply system of a private house

There are several ways to arrange water supply in a private house, characterized by different sources of water intake.

Centralized water supply It is possible only if the water line passes near the house. To connect to it, you must contact the organization for control over water systems in your area. The organization will provide technical specifications for connecting the house to the water supply branch. There will be indicated a place of connection, depth of water pipes, their diameter, as well as water pressure (pressure), which is guaranteed.

In practice, connecting a private house to central water supply has a number of disadvantages: the water pressure can drop sharply, or be very small, insufficient for the normal functioning of the water supply, water contains chlorine and other additives. Also in the event of an accident on the line, the house will be left without water. But then, if electricity is turned off, then the water supply will not stop. For the services of the central water supply, it is necessary to pay monthly, according to the water consumption meter.

Autonomous water supply to a private house can be implemented using a water fence from a well or well.

What is better to equip on the site, well or well depends on the properties of the soil, the depth of the occurrence and location of the aquifers, as well as on the productivity of water core.

Well Basically equipped when high -quality water for eating water is located at a level of 4 to 15 m depth. At the same time, the aquifer should be voluminous enough to provide all the needs of the family from 4 people. Average water supply of 200 liters. Due to the fact that groundwater can penetrate into the well, water quality can be low.

An indisputable advantage of the well is that if electricity is turned off, the water can be typed with a regular bucket on the rope. Also, the life of the well is at least 50 years, which is much more than that of the well. The cost of arranging a well is less than a well. If you dig a well of the well by hand on your own, you will have to pay only for the material for the walls and for work on their installation.

Before making a decision regarding what to do on the site, well or well, talk with local residents, take them water samples for analysis. Most often, if all the wells are digging in the area, it makes sense to use their experience and not invent the bicycle. The same as well as well with wells.

Depending on the depth and variety of the layer from which water climbs, there are wells on sand and artesian wells.

The well for the sand I got its name due to the fact that it affects the upper aquifers of the so-called sand horizon, which followed by a thick layer of loam, filtering groundwater. The depth of such a well can reach 40 50 m. In different regions, the occurrence of this aquifer can be different. There are even cases that when drilling such a well, you can get to the channel of the underground river at a depth of 15 m. In this case, the pipes and filters will not be clogged with sand, since the structure of the layer consists of pebbles. The life of such a well can reach 15 20 years, while the usual well for the sand will last 5 7 years. Water supply of about 500 liters. You can drill such a well manually, it is much cheaper, and the excavation of the soil will be smaller. There is more likely to get on a good aquifer, since drilling occurs empirically. The machine drilling of the well is much more expensive, but less effective, since the machine beats the well to a given depth, it is quite difficult to get to a good aquifer in this case.

Artesian well It falls to the aquifer in limestone rocks. The depth can reach 135 m. Of course, this water is much of high quality water of the upper layers. The supply is practically not limited, the minimum is 1500 liters. Special equipment for watering water does not need, since the water is under pressure, it itself shoots up. The probability of waste or groundwater entering the artesian well is completely excluded. The service life is the same as that of the well up to 50 years. The cost of drilling is much higher than that of a well for sand due to greater depth. And the most important artesian wells must be registered, since the limestone water -bearing layer belongs to the strategic reserve of the state.

The water supply scheme of a private house involves the use of a pump or pumping station for the water intake. They are installed in the house, in the utility room, or immediately above the well in the caisson and are connected to the source of water with a pipe. The pump pumps water into the accumulator. Pipes to consumers diverge from him throughout the house. When someone in the house begins to spend water, for example, turned on the crane in the shower or in the kitchen, the pressure in the system gradually drops. When it reaches 2.2 bar, the pressure relay is triggered and turns on the pump, which again pumps water into the accumulator until the pressure becomes 3 bar. The pressure relay works again, and the pump is turned off.

Scheme of the water supply system of a private house

In short, the water supply scheme of the house consists of such elements:

1. Source of water: well, well or river.
2. A pump for watering water from the source.
3. The accumulator that is necessary to create a certain pressure in the system. Using it, you can control the switch with the switch.
4. Filters for water treatment and water treatment. To choose the right equipment, you need to take water samples and do tests. Technical water that will be used to wash the car, watering the garden or other needs, there is no need to filter. Therefore, it is diverted in a separate pipe, bypassing the cleaning systems.
5. Installation of hot water equipment for hot water supply.
6. Collector system of water supply with cold and hot water.

It is best to equip the water supply of a private house with your own hands in the warm season, when the water level is the lowest, and the chance to make a mistake with the location of the aquifer is very small, as well as the soil, it is easy to dig trenches. Depending on the conditions of the water intake, where the water source is located, what depth, what type, various pumps are used. The accumulator is also a fairly expensive unit. So many do not install it, but use other ways to control the pump, made independently.

Water supply of a private house from a well

Despite the widespread fashion for wells, nevertheless in many regions they prefer to dig wells to provide themselves with water. In many ways, the reason is that in the case of force majeure, you can draw water from it with an ordinary bucket.

Taking water samples from neighboring wells for analysis and getting satisfactory results, you can begin to search for a place for your well.

It is possible to look for the best place for the well, where there will be plentiful aquifer to a not very large depth, you can use grandfathers or modern devices. The observation of the presence and volume of dew very early in the morning (4 5 in the morning in the summer) for six months is still non-failure. The collected information is noted, and then diagrams are compiled and the place where the most water is determined.

In addition, a number of sanitary restrictions should be taken into account: at a distance of 50 m, toilets, cesspools, sewers, compost heaps or other sources of pollution should not be located. You should also not have a well too close to the house, since leaching of sand from the flood can lead to shifts in the foundation.

After you have found a place, you can order a water supply project for a private house. In principle, it can be performed independently, having minimal engineering skills, but it is better not to take risks. While the project is being prepared, you can start digging a well.

How to dig a well

We will consider the option of a well with reinforced concrete rings. First of all, we level the site on which we are going to make a well. Then we draw a circle with a radius of 10 20 cm larger than the radius of the ring.

Using a shovel we dig a round hole of the required diameter. We stop when the reinforced concrete ring installed in the pit will protrude 10 cm. Most often, the height of such a ring is 90 cm, but sometimes 100 cm.

Install the first concrete ring. To do this, carefully deliver the ring to the pit in a position on the side, then turn over and lower it into the pit. We install a minimum of 3 connecting brackets on the end.

Then we continue to dig, again with one ring depth. We put the soil in the container and raise it up. We lower the first ring down and set the second into the brackets. Since we plan to start the water supply to the house, in the second ring it is necessary to make a hole for a pipe with a diameter of 1.5 times more diameter of the pipe.

We continue to dig and install new rings until the water begins to intensively arrive in the well. About this should happen after 6 8 rings. It is desirable that the aquifer (fontances) be more than 3. We stop and begin to pump out water and sand, which is washed. We continue to deepen into the ground by another 40 50 cm, while the pump pumps out, since the water consumption is quite intense.

When the excavation of the soil is completed, we leave the well shaft for a day to fill with water, we need to know its level. We close the future well with something so that no one accidentally falls inside. After a day, we look how much water is in a well. If more than 1 1.5 m is good. We pump out all the water again.

We put small stones at the bottom, crushed stone on top with a layer of 30 50 cm. It will be our filter.

We fill up all the cracks between the rings of a cement-sand mortar so that the supreme water does not fall into the well. If we did everything right, the well should be filled with about 1.5 concrete rings.

How to connect a pumping station to a well

The water supply device in a private house involves raising water from the well using a pumping station and distributing it throughout the house.

The pump or pumping station for the well is best placed in the house or utility room. Therefore, from the well to the house we dig a trench below the depth of freezing of the soil and lay the pipe into it.

The pipe material is different steel, metal -plastic, copper and others. Choose according to the budget and the necessary characteristics. The convenience of metal -plastic pipes is that they bend. We put the pipe into the hole in the ring of the well, bend it and lower it down to the very water. Inside, insert the mesh input filter.

The pipe should not reach the bottom of the well by 30 40 cm. Now again pump out all the water from the well, drive the pin into the bottom and attach the pipe to it. The hole in the concrete ring for the pipe is sealed with a cement mortar.

We instill a trench and equip a clay lock around a well at a depth of 40 cm, 50 cm thick, at a distance of at least 1.5 m from the rings. This is necessary to protect the well from the hit of rain and ground water.

For the right choice of the pumping station, you need to know the characteristics of our well. The most common pumps pump water from a depth of 9 m and lift up to 40 m. But for the well, it makes sense to purchase a centrifugal self -digging pump with an external ejector at removal, which can lift water from a depth of up to 45 m.

In the room where the pumping station will stand, the temperature in the winter should not drop below +2 C We put the thin cleaning filter after the pumping station. Then we connect the pressure relay, the pressure gauge and the rest of the devices. We take the pipe to the collector distributing it to consumers. We connect the pump station to the control panel.

It remains only to mount the water supply and everything is ready.

Water supply of a private house from a well

The main advantages of the wells are: more pure and high -quality water with a smaller leg of the supreme water, a greater supply of water for the domestic needs of a large family.

The same restrictions are extended to the location of the well as the well. With the exception that it can be drilled next to the house.

The price of a well for water depends on the type of well, on the drilling method, so it is individual for everyone.

How to drill a well

For drilling a well, a tripod, a drilling column with a drill and a lift is used manually.

A tripod is installed above the place of the future well and the drilling and excavation of soil begins.

For the first 1 1.5 m, a pin drill is used to remove the soil from above. Then a casing with the teeth is inserted into the hole and drilling continues until a suitable aquifer is detected. In this case, the first layers can be passed and drilled further. When the layer is found, a galvanized tap pipe with a filter at the end is inserted into the casing. The pipe segments are interconnected by couplings, the junction is thoroughly coated with sealant. Then the casing is removed.

For a well, a pit is necessarily equipped at least 1 m depth. In it, 10 15 cm from the bottom peeps the well pipe.

How to connect a pumping station to a well

You can install the pumping station in two ways. The first to equip a utility warm room right above the well, if it is not far from the house. The second over the well to install the caisson in which the pump will stand.

In the first method, we will not dwell in detail, since it is more or less simple. Consider the installation of the caisson.

We dial the pipe to a depth of 2.5 m, with a diameter of 2 times larger diameter of the caisson. At the bottom, pour the concrete pillow 20 cm thick, which will hold the heaviness of the caisson on itself.

Then we install the cesson in the pit. We cut the well pipe so that it protrudes 500 mm inside the caisson. At this level, approximately at a depth of 1.8 2 m, we dig a trench leading to the house. We put a water pipe into it.

We install the pump in the caisson and connect the well to the pipe. But the accumulator in which the pump will pump water must still be installed somewhere in the house or utility room. There we also install filters and control unit.

The caisson is poured along the contour with a concrete solution with a layer of 30 40 cm. When the concrete dries, the rest of the space, not reaching the top, is filled with a mixture of sand and cement. The soil falls asleep on top. Kesson will be well protected from frosts.

Hot water supply of a private house

When the water is brought directly into the house, it will no longer be difficult to heat it. To do this, you can use several options.

We install the first double -circuit boiler, for example, gas. One circuit will heat water for the heating system, the second for household needs. From the pump station, a pipe with cold water is connected to the boiler, a pipe with hot water comes out of it and connects to the collector, which distributes water throughout the house.

We install the second option single -circuit boilerwho will engage in purely heating water for the needs of the house. It can be gas or electric. It is necessary to install a boiler to it.

We install the third option electric storage water heater.

The fourth is suitable for large cottages. You can install many running heaters Before each consumer.

Installation of water supply in a private house will be completed when water supply with hot and cold water will be mounted throughout the house. You should also take care of the drain, i.e. sewage or septic tank. Driving mandatory element. Now the buckets will not work to endure the water. It is necessary to equip the drainage of water from the sink, shower, bath, washing machine and toilet.