DIY well

Often cottage villages and horticultural massifs do not have centralized water supply. In this case, the problem is solved by the construction of a well or drilling a well. The first option is much cheaper, but in operation is less convenient. In most cases, the wells refuse to install due to the high price of its drilling, but if it is not very deep, then the whole process can be performed independently.

1. Choosing a place and the necessary tools
2. Stages of drilling wells
3. Choosing a depth of drilling
4. Choosing a pump and filter for a well
5. Well cleaning methods

​Choosing a place and the necessary tools

First of all, it is necessary to choose the right place for the future location of the well. Due to the high cost of work on the intelligence of the aquifer, the drill, most often at random. Therefore, when choosing a place, one has to be guided only by its rationality:

• if the organization of the water supply is planned in the future, then you should drill the well closer to the house;

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• it should be located in such a way as not to prevent the movement of people around the site and transport;
• and also to be as close as possible to the object, for servicing which water is needed. It can be a greenhouse, a pool or a bath;
• there should be a distance of at least 20 meters between the well and the sewer;
• After choosing a place, the site should be leveled and remove all objects that may interfere with work;

When drilling a well with your own hands, the following tools may be needed:

• a drill spoon is used on sandy or light clay soils;
• the coil is a drill that is used on loamy or clay soil with the presence of a small amount of gravel in it;
• chisel is necessary when drilling in an impact way;
• the tin is used on bulk soils and is needed to extract soil when drilling in a stress way;
• a certain type of drilling drilling is used depending on the type of soil. But the main tool is a screw that has lengthening trips. An ordinary fishing drill will cope well with his role. For its improvement, reinforced incisors should be welded, which can be made from sawn -imprisoned files. As columns, pipes with a diameter of 25 mm are used;

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• additionally, a shovel, a pump, a hose, a cart and a barrel will be needed;
• you will also need equipment for wells: pump, filter, accumulator, automation system.

​Stages of drilling wells

After the place is selected and prepared, you can start installing the well. This will require at least two people, but due to the great physical activity of assistants, there may be more. It is important to remember that well -completed work will protect the wells from ground and meltwater.

First of all, it is necessary to dig a recess of at least 50 cm, in the future it will serve as a guide.

Advice. Even before the start of drilling, you need to buy several pipes for the well, which will begin to form the barrel after the first meter passed. It is desirable that the casing is made of plastic and have a thread for connecting. Its diameter should exceed the diameter of the drill. Timely installation of casing pipes will protect the well from tightening with soil. Prices for pipes for the well depend on the material from which they are made.

Further, a drill and screwed into the prepared recess. After several revolutions, it gets and is cleaned of the ground.

After the tool enters the ground on its entire length, an extension of the bar joins it.

As the depth of the well increases, casing pipes are lowered into it. They strengthen the walls of production and overlap the possible intake of the supreme water.

Advice. During drilling, there is a risk of deviation of the vertical axis. This will be evidenced by the Boer blow to the casing. Alignment is possible with the help of driven wedges between casing and soil.

It is important to carefully connect the pipes among themselves. If there is no thread at the ends of the pipes, they are attached by soldering. When 15 cm of the pipe remains above the surface, the following casing should be attached to it, and the drill into the well is already entered through it.

Choosing a depth of drilling

Having decided on the drilling of the well, you need to decide for what purpose water is needed. If these are technical needs and the quality of water is not made high requirements, then the depth of the well is not important and it will be enough to reach the upper aquifer. In this case, water will contain various organic impurities, as well as nitrites and nitrates.

If you plan to use water for drinking, then drill will have to be much deeper and take the water found for analysis in the sanitary and epidemiological service.

Choosing a pump and filter for a well

To date, a huge variety of well, well and household pumps has been produced. The main criteria when choosing are its pressure and performance.

• A submersible pump will allow you to choose water from a depth of more than 300 meters. It is a small -sized pump, to which the necessary length of the pipe is connected. After fixing the power cable to the discharge pipe, it is immersed in the well.

• A manual pump will allow water to produce when turning off electricity. They are membrane, lobed or piston, but in any case can be used in wells no deeper than 8 meters. They cost much cheaper than their electric counterparts, but for the extraction of water you will have to apply manual power.
• The vibration pump is suitable for wells in sandy soils. It is easy to operate and can raise water from 50 meters. It is a universal and widely used device. Two types are produced: with the lower and upper water fabric. The second option is more preferable, as it is equipped with high -quality cooling, which allows you to work for a long time without overheating. If a vibration pump with a lower fence is purchased, then it must have a built -in thermallane.
• Centrifugal submersible pumps are used in high -performance wells. It is equipped with electronic sensors that turn it off when the water level falls in the well. This type of pump does not create noise during operation.

When choosing a pump, you should know: the design and diameter of the well, the quality of the water, the flow rate of the well, the distance from the water intake point to the mouth and the amount of expected leaching per hour.

Of no small importance in the equipment of the well is the choice and installation of the filter.

When owning certain knowledge, you can not only independently drill the well, but also successfully serve it for many years.

It is a device that provides access to the well only pure water, and also protects the well from collapse. Most often it is used in loose sandy soils. To do this, a filter and a sump with a cork that serves to collect the breed particles through the filter is lowered into the well.

Well cleaning methods

If the well has recently been drilled or clogged with time, it is necessary to clean it. Its clogging may indicate a muddy color of water, an admixture of sand or silt, as well as the release of water from a tap with jerks and air. It is important to immediately start it, otherwise you have to drill a new well.

There are several ways to clean it, consider the main ones:

• using an air compressor, when the entire pipe is blown under high pressure. This method is suitable for cleaning the casing from silt;
• using acid. Suitable for cleaning the casing if it is clogged with iron or lime particles. For this method, the pipe is blown with a compressor, after which all water is removed and acid is filled, filling the entire volume of the pipes. After pouring the well, it closes for 2 days, and after this period is washed with water at least 8 hours. The method is very effective, but has a negative effect on pipes and filter.

When owning certain knowledge, you can not only independently drill the well, but also successfully serve it for many years.