Roof leak - causes and methods of elimination

If, recently, wet spots began to appear on the ceiling, which after time begin to transform into yellow-gryped stains, then the conclusion here alone formed the roof flow. In the article, we consider the reasons for the leak of the roof and methods of repair.

Content:

1. The origin of the leak of the roof
2. How to eliminate the leak of the roof
3. Safety and other recommendations
4. Prevention of roof leaks
5. Repair of roof leaks
6. Solution of problems
   • Profiled flooring
   • Tiles
   • Sheet metal
   • Slate

The origin of the leak of the roof

• Roofing defect, that is, illiterate installation, poor -quality material or its natural wear;

• damage to tightness in the places of fit of vertical elements (pipes, antennas, walls, and so on);
• violation of technology when arranging a roof pie.

It is necessary to timely eliminate the defect, otherwise it can lead to more serious consequences: the development of the fungus, mold; failure of electric wiring; deformation of inter -ground ceilings, collapse of the roof structure.

How to eliminate the leak of the roof

The leaking roof is unpleasant and it is not worth it to postpone the solution of this problem. For a multi -storey building and a private house, the stages of liquidation of leaks will be different, but they unite them with one identification of the cause.

• The owner of the apartment should contact the emergency service of the housing and communal services with a written statement about the problem. A public utility officer must sign a document. Without fail, the applicant is provided with a copy of the paper.
• A copy of the passport and title documents are applied to the application. Within 14 days, a commission that will draw up protocols should leave for the facility, one will indicate the cause of the leak, the other damage caused to property. In the addition, it will not hurt to take a photo or video shooting of damage. If the solution to the problem was not achieved peacefully, then you can safely apply to the court with a statement of claim.
• The owners of private buildings who resorted to the services of building brigades should turn directly to the manager. The presence of the contract gives the right to compensation for damage or the removal of poorly performed work. Sometimes the masters do not recognize their own flaws, in this case they resort to the services of independent experts, and then you can go to court.

• If roofing was carried out on their own, then it will have to cope with the leak formed on their own and at the expense of their own funds. For these purposes, it is advisable to contact experienced roofers, while not forgetting the signing of the contract and acts of work performed.

Safety and other recommendations

It should be remembered that roofing is associated with a high risk of injury. Here you can slip, stumble from dizziness. These are quite serious arguments to contact a specialized company where experienced roofers will perform all the required manipulations.

• The repair involves the selection of quality building materials corresponding to their characteristics. In addition, many brigades use an infrared chamber, which allows not only to establish the place of leaks, but also to present the real state of the entire roof.

• Based on the data obtained, the volume and nature of the work are established, an estimate is compiled. Next, a contract is signed, which reflects the value and terms, rights and obligations, and a guarantee obligation is prescribed.

Prevention of roof leaks

To avoid such a factor as a flow of roof, you can only observe several basic rules.

• A competent project. An incorrectly designed angle of the roof slope, a parapet, a drain or cornice can lead to a difficult plum of melt or rainwater. The roof complex in architectural plan (the presence of numerous elements) also contributes to the formation of unentilled areas, which, in turn, make it possible to accumulate moisture.

• Compliance with installation technology. When arranging the so -called cake, you should not save. Each layer should be made of quality materials. All installation recommendations should be followed. Incorrect laying of the vapor barrier layer will lead to condensation. The accumulated moisture will appear on the ceiling indoors.
• Quality of building materials and experience in the construction team. The leak may be associated with many factors, but often the reason as the material. And even rather not in quality, but in its characteristics. For example, many still prefer roll waterproofing based on bitumen, although such a coating eventually becomes brittle and quickly fails. The functioning of the entire roof depends on the qualifications of roofers. Therefore, the choice of masters must be treated not with less care.

Repair of roof leaks

• In the private building, the first thing is to inspect the attic. It is necessary to check the structure (rafters, flooring, floor) for mold or rot. For example, water can leave a trace on any coating dark spots, be it metal or wood.
• The electrical wiring laid in the attic is mandatory. If there are damage, then they should be immediately eliminated.
• The next stage is external check. The insulation is carefully examined in the places of connection of roofing material with vertical elements. Ends are investigated for the accumulation of leaves, branches and the like. A cornice board is also checked for integrity, which could suffer from a strong wind.
• Next, the channels of the ventilation system, drain pipes, gutter are subjected to inspection. In any case, they are cleaned of garbage. There should be no chips, dents, cracks on the coating.

1. If it is a natural or bitumen tile, then the absent or shifted from the point individual elements are subject to replacement.
2. It is necessary to restore fasteners. The crate is necessarily checked, because it is quite possible that the fasteners flew out of the rotting lumber.
3. The presence of traces of corrosion and rusty subteces can cause leakage. This applies to roofs of metal tiles and profiled sheets.
4. On the slate, it is not always possible to detect obvious defects. It may well be invisible to the naked eye of the microcrack.
5. The lifted edges of the soft roof, as well as the bubbles formed under layers of rolled material, are a source of leaks.

• The detected reason is estimated by scale, if it is insignificant, then partial work is performed, but often there are situations when major repairs are required.

• This is especially true if the leak was not discovered immediately. It is impossible to determine how much the insulating layer is hidden. Moisture that fell between the layers, under the influence of the temperature difference, will destroy the inside of the pie. In this regard, the elimination of the flaw in the roofing will only lead to a short -term effect. If there is at least any doubt in the amount of damage, then it is better to replace partially or completely insulation and rebuild other materials.
• In the absence of visible factors, you should climb the attic during precipitation and already find the place of moisture penetration on the spot. The point is marked with a marker or chalk, and in good weather the damage is eliminated.
• If the weather forecast does not promise rains in the coming week, then you can raise a bottle of water on the roof and methodically simultaneously imitate the rain step by step. At this time, the assistant should be in the attic to determine the place and the possible reason why the roof flows.

Solution of problems

The market presents a wide selection of building materials for the roof. In this regard, the most common reasons for the formation of leaks are presented below with the example of popular roofing coatings.

Profiled flooring

• The basis for the leakage of this sheet material is often the failure of the cushioning elements or the natural destruction of the sealant layer. It is necessary to unscrew the entire sheet and apply roofing mastic or replace the seal.
• Sometimes moisture penetrates through the fastening points due to the fact that the metiz was screwed not at right angles. In this case, the sealing ring is deformed and loses tightness. The elimination of fastening and processing of the hole with waterproof mastic is eliminated.
• Small mechanical damage is sealed, with large holes you will have to remove the entire sheet and mount a new one.

• If there are no visible violations of integrity, then perhaps the reason lies in the absence of a ventilation system. Moisture under the influence of temperatures is condensed and protrudes in the form of drops on the inside of the roofing material. Thus, it penetrates the ceilings, insulating materials and, therefore, appears on the ceiling.
• This problem is solved by organizing subcutaneous ventilation.

Tiles

• Natural tiles belongs to the category of practically eternal materials, but only with strict observance of styling technologies. If installation was carried out on a roof with a slope of 10-20, then perhaps an additional layer of waterproofing material was not provided.
• With a roof slope of more than 50, fragments are fixed with special clips or self -tapping screws. The fasteners can also sneak over time, and moisture that came into the autumn between elements, in winter simply breaks (more durable material can be destroyed by ice). Here, both partial and complete transfer of the roofing carpet is possible.

• It is worth noting that when arranging roofs, especially complex shapes, there is a need for some tiles. In this case, all formed sections and scratches are treated with bitumen mastic in order to prevent their further destruction under the influence of the same ice.

• Metal tileit differs in high reliability, but still situations arise when leaks may occur. Often the reason is a violation of the tightness of the joints, especially in the skate. The gaps are filled with a sealing composition or sealed with a roof tape.

• All fasteners should be checked, since the entire load is transmitted to them. Ideally, it is necessary to twist the bolts once a year. Metiza should have a puck of EPDM rubber, but a cheaper sealing element will collapse in 2 years. Thus, moisture calmly falls under the hat and further into the internal structure of the roof, with all the ensuing consequences.
• Cut places, any scratches and small cracks are covered with acrylic paint to prevent the development of corrosion. A patch of steel is applied to large damage. If desired, you can replace a whole sheet, all seams are glued with a special ribbon.
• As in the case of corrugated board, condensation can also be formed here, so the installation of the ventilation system must be paid to due attention.

• Bitumen tilethe worst of all is reconstructed. Under the influence of the sun, it sins and glues. It is difficult to determine the problem area, since it is difficult to understand where the flow comes from.
• Bloated tiles are dismantled. If you manage to carefully remove it, which is unlikely, then after applying mastic from the inside, it is mounted back. The outside must also be smeared with roofing glue. But with a greater degree of probability, you will have to replace the damaged element with a new one.

• Regardless of which tiles were laid on the roof, the places of its fit to chimney, pipes, etc. are carefully inspected. Problem areas can be treated with a polymer (transparent) mixture, which forms a reliable protective film.

Sheet metal

• Galvanized iron Corrosion is more often subjected to one of the main causes of an emergency. Here, the resulting rust is cleaned with a metal brush. Then a patch of similar material is applied. The patch should be at least 10 cm more than the damaged area. Fixation is carried out by solder, excess surfacing is carefully removed by a file.
• It is recommended to paint not only the restored section of the roof, but also the entire surface with paint, which includes a corrosive inhibitor.

• If point repair is inappropriate due to numerous or large damage, then a whole sheet is subject to replacement. The falsaire is threatened with a special device. For prevention, it is advisable to go through all the docking seams with this tool.

Slate

This is the most inexpensive and affordable material, it is worth noting that some roofs serve 30 years. But from natural aging, lack of proper care or from mechanical damage, flow may occur.

• To close up small cracks, there is enough fabric patch. The fabric must be abundantly soak with oil paint and applied to the damaged area. Then the whole roof is painted. Such a repair is simple and inexpensive, but, unfortunately, it is short -lived. Such a patch can last about 3-4 years, after the procedure it will be necessary to repeat.
• The cracks can be poured with epoxy or other similar glue. To eliminate such damage, more modern materials, for example, self -adhesive diffuse tape are quite suitable. It is worth clarifying that it is better to choose a perforated basis for the roof, it is able to withstand the effects of sunlight.

• Larger cracks or chips are eliminated by putty. To do this, 1 part of the cement and 3 parts of asbestos are mixed, the dry mixture is diluted with diluted water with PVA glue (1: 1). The finished solution is suitable for work for 2-3 hours, then it hardens. You can mix cement with fine -grained sand in a ratio of 1: 2, stirring with clean water.
• The renovated area is covered with bitumen mastic, and then Olifoy. The service life of such repairs is 5-7 years. But if the putty is not protected, then under the influence of atmospheric precipitation, a year later there will be no trace of it.
• A leaf with large damage is completely replaced. It is freed from fasteners, while on neighboring sheets it is also partially removed or weakened by fasteners.

• After replacement, it is recommended to inspect the roof for shattered steel nails, screws or anti -white brackets. Make sure that there are rubber gaskets under the hats that prevent moisture from hitting.
• In any case, if poor -quality installation of roofing material has been performed, you will have to overhaul the roof. The entire pie is dismantled, the level of damage to the rafters, the crate and so on are checked. If necessary, spoiled wooden elements are replaced.

Do not use cheaper materials for arranging a pie that do not fulfill their direct duties, due to low technical characteristics.