Production of paving slabs: features and nuances of the process. What to look for in the manufacture of paving slabs. The sequence of the technological process in the manufacture of tiles with your own hands

One of the popular materials, which is in great demand in the market, is considered paving slabs to cover pedestrian paths. This worthy alternative to asphalt and concrete conquered everyone with its practicality and impeccable appearance. With the speed of the wind, people learned to produce various types of paving slabs at home. What is the secret of this production? And what features are fraught with this technological process? We will consider more in the article.

Table of contents:

1. Features and purpose of paving slabs
2. Varieties of paving slabs
3. Materials for the manufacture of paving slabs with your own hands
4. Do -it -yourself sidewalk tools
5. Forms for making tiles with your own hands
6. Features of the preparation of the solution with your own hands
7. Pour the solution in the form with your own hands
8. DIY drying and extracting from forms of paving slabs

Features and purpose of paving slabs

Such road-building material as paving slabs appeared in our country in the 1970s and immediately established itself from the best side. Its main feature is considered durability. In addition, the advantages of paving slabs include:

• ease and practicality in use;
• presentable appearance;
• reliability of operation;
• environmental friendliness.

The main purpose of this stone material is the construction of automobile and pedestrian surfaces. It is used to create road surfaces in parks, private areas, in the landscape business, in utilities, etc. Paving tiles are also used when laying park alleys, squares, in street areas of cafes, clubs, etc. In recent years, this variety of construction coating has gained great popularity among users, and has practically one drawback is a greater cost.

Varieties of paving slabs

Porcelain tiles, as a rule, are divided into categories according to the following principles:

• by the method of production;
• in the thickness of the product;
• by form;
• according to the material.

According to the production method, this material is divided into: vibro -linked, polymer -sand, hyperpressed and vibro pressed. The table gives brief characteristics of these types.

Depending on the thickness of the finished material, pedestrian, monolithic and universal paving slabs will be distinguished. The first type is used when laying steps, blindfolds, etc. The thickness of the pedestrian tile is 30 mm. This budget species is not suitable for use in places with a large load, most often it is used in private areas.

The second type has a thickness of 70-80 mm and is the most durable. It is easily used when laying a road that is intended for trucks. Monolithic tiles have a fairly high price compared to other varieties.

The third type is the so -called gold mean. The thickness of the material is 50-60 mm. The spectrum of application of this type covers almost all possible zones. Due to their properties and sufficient production thickness, it is used as a surface for pedestrian and roads, park paths, etc.

In shape, paving slabs are distributed to the following types:

• checkers;
• paving stones;
• turtle;
• eight;
• clover, etc.

Groundwood is in great demand. This form in form is no different from brick and copies masonry. This species is distinguished by its frost -resistant characteristics. The same paving stones can be used repeatedly, which can be classified as the advantages of paving slabs.

According to the material used during the production of one or another paving slabs, it is divided into:

• natural (from basalt, marble, etc.);
• rubber;
• concrete;
• asphalt concrete;
• luminous.

One of the latest species is rubber paving slabs. This covering material appeared in everyday life relatively recently. In most cases, it is used as a coating on playgrounds.

With the help of modern technologies, original options for paving slabs with a photographs are created. This option differs not only in the complexity of production, but also a fairly high price.

In addition to the advantages mentioned above, the pluses of paving slabs include it:

• wide range of application;
• wear resistance;
• maintainability;
• unpretentiousness in leaving.

According to many builders, paving slabs are one of those materials that have practically no shortcomings. But all, the main minus of this coating manifests itself in the winter, in the period of ice, when the paving slabs become very slippery, dangerous material.

Materials for the manufacture of paving slabs with your own hands

Porcelain tile is one of those building and road materials that are quite possible to produce at home. Of course, this work requires not a small number of nuances and preliminary familiarization with the rules of the technological process for the manufacture of paving slabs with your own hands.

Before starting work, it should be understood that this production at home is quite complicated and time -consuming. Standardly paving slab is made from a solution, which is poured into special forms. It is the correctly prepared mixture that is considered the main key to the quality of the tile. So, for the solution, we need the following ingredients:

• sand;
• cement;
• plasticizer;
• vibration fiber;
• water;
• dyes and other dry mixtures.

Water and sand should be purified and not contain unnecessary, even small elements. This can be very poorly affected by the state of already finished products and the solution as a whole.

Do -it -yourself sidewalk tools

To work on the manufacture of paving slabs with your own hands, you need to prepare in advance tools that will be needed in the process. The main for this case will be:

• punch with a mixer nozzle;
• concrete mixer;
• vibroostol;
• buckets;
• shoulder blade;
• forms.

The perforator and concrete mixer are needed as the main tool for the preparation of cement mortar. The vibrostol is necessary to free the finished mixture from unnecessary air bubbles. A blade for the distribution of solution according to specially intended forms, which should be written separately.

Forms for making tiles with your own hands

Forms for making tiles with your own hands can be purchased both in stores and do it yourself. They are different in design and material of the product. Also, often, in the production of tiles at home, different packages are used, which are used to store products, as well as food containers, etc.

Depending on what material the forms are made of, how many times they can be used. For example, rubber forms can serve up to 500 times. Silicone forms are very popular.

Very often such an auxiliary element as a shape is made with their own hands. The material for this can be plastic, wood, metal and even gypsum. One of the simplest options that can be used in home production is to make a form from a five -liter plastic bottle. You can cut off the upper part of the bottle at the height that is planned for the required type of paving slabs.

Also, unprofessional masters often use wooden forms. They are chopped from wooden boards, while creating the desired design. But still, experts recommend that they use purchased elements for large home production, and home forms are also suitable for the manufacture of a small amount of paving slabs.

Features of the preparation of the solution with your own hands

The second stage (after preparing forms) of the manufacture of paving slabs with your own hands is the preparation of concrete solution. Typically, for this purpose, cement with marking M 500 is used. In order to make the mixture a high -quality it is best to use a concrete mixer. Compliance with the proportions of the solution at this stage is very important. So, for the production of 1 m. sq. Tiles, the mixture includes:

• 30 kg of cement;
• 32 kg waging;
• 75 kg of sand;
• 50 g of plasticizer;
• 700 g of dye;
• 60 g of fiber fiber;
• 8 liters of water.

All components are poured into a concrete mixer in a standard sequence, the state of the finished mixture and its productivity also directly depend on this.

The first plasticizer is poured into the design for mixing, which is previously dissolved in a small amount of warm water. Please note that not one of the components of the solution is divorced in cold water. The second to the concrete mixer is sent. This ingredient is connected to hot water in a proportion of one to three.

Cement, screening and sand are poured into the concrete mixer after the above additives and gradually added with water, preferably purified. A properly prepared concrete solution must have a consistency that does not spread along the outbuilding. Also, a good mixture is easily poured into forms and is quite dense.

If in the household there is no concrete mixer available, a worthy alternative will be a punch with a mixer nozzle. It is much more difficult to prepare a solution manually, using a trowel, although this is quite real.

Pour the solution in the form with your own hands

The third stage of work on the manufacture of paving slabs with your own hands is to fill the solution into the shape. Previously, the containers must be lubricated with oil (motor or sunflower), in the future this will contribute to the easy loss of the finished tile from the shape. For lubrication you will need a sponge or brush. It is better to remove excess lubricants immediately so that this does not affect the quality of the product in the future.

It happens that it is planned to produce two -color elements. In this case, the solution in the form is poured alternately: first concrete, after color. It is important to observe the temporary regime, that is, between the filling of the colored and ordinary mixture should pass for no more than 20 minutes.

At this stage of the work, a vibrostol is used, on which it is just that the forms need to be placed during the packaging of the solution. The vibration process lasts about 5 minutes, this is quite enough for the filling to compact, and all the bubbles of excess air are neutralized.

DIY drying and extracting from forms of paving slabs

After all the prepared forms are flooded, they must be placed on drying racks, where they will stay at least 3 days. The process of natural drying depends on environmental conditions. In the summer, the form can be placed on the street. It is important that in the room selected for drying paving slabs, the humidity indicator is not increased, which can adversely affect the process itself, as well as on the quality of the manufactured building material.

The final stage of this difficult matter is the extraction of finished products from forms. You need to turn flooded and dried containers on a soft surface. Experts recommend, in order to facilitate the removal of tiles, lower the molds into hot water for a few seconds and only then turn over. After the paving slabs were taken out of the forms, it should still be dried. This process will be needed from 2 weeks to a month.

The manufacture of paving slabs at home, of course, requires the cost of both economic and temporary. But home masters say that independent production is budget. To the frequently asked question: how much does it cost to make paving slabs with your own hands? You can answer as follows. The cost of the production of paving slabs with your own hands depends on the prices, for all the necessary material and the number of elements that are planned to be made. For more detailed information on the topic: how to make paving slabs with your own hands watch the video: