DIY frame building

Frame housebuilding is characterized by a high speed of construction and low cost. According to this technology, not only small private houses are built, but also multi -storey ones. They meet all modern requirements for energy efficiency, strength and comfort of residence. Buildings built using frame technology are successfully operated in climatic zones, where the temperature ranges from -30 to+30. On the territory of our country, the frame-panel housing construction is just beginning to gain popularity. For many years he was neglected, considering such buildings unreliable and short -lived. However, as they are built and the appearance of a large number of positive reviews, frame houses began to compete with traditional houses of brick and wood.

Content:

1. Equipment for frame housing construction
2. Frame housing technology  
   • Foundation
   • The floor of the first floor
   • Walls of the walls of the first floor
   • Construction of the second floor and roof
   • We warm the walls        
3. Frame monolithic housing construction            

Equipment for frame housing construction

For work you will need:

• the end of the end with a horizontal move will cope with a lot of work and ensure high accuracy;
• screwdriver with two batteries while one is working, the second is charged;
• electric jigsaw;
• concrete mixer;
• bulgarian;
• levels of 2 m and 60 cm, roulette for 3-m, 8 m and 50 m;
• a hammer, manual hacksaw, chisels, pliers and other construction tools.

Frame housing technology

Before starting work, it is important to decide on the project that must meet all the requirements. There are a large number on the Internet, but it should be remembered that a quality project will not be free. He will require a professional improvement, and it is not cheap. Therefore, it is better to immediately develop it for your needs or buy it already ready.

Foundation

Frame houses have little weight, so they do not need a powerful and expensive basis. Very often they are built on pile-screw foundations. But if the house needs a cellar or pantry, you should choose the strip. For a two -story building, it will be enough to make it 30 cm wide.

First, a trench is digged with a depth of 50 cm and a width of 40 cm. The formwork is mounted in it and pits under the piles are drilled in a step of 1.5 meters. In them you can install both asbestos pipes and limit yourself to fiberglass reinforcement. Then the bottom is covered with sand 20-30 cm. In addition, you need to reinforce the entire future foundation, for this, reinforcement fixed with knitting wire is laid in the formwork.

Tip: the formwork should be without a height difference, an error of 1-2 cm is permissible.

Concrete is poured at plus temperature. It is better to order it ready from the plant than to knead yourself. At the house of 7x10 meters, about 12 cubic meters of solution will be needed. After it is completely poured, it is tamped with a manual vibrator. For full drying, it will take at least 7 days. If necessary, a base, on a finished foundation, is laid out with a brick.

The floor of the first floor

For the frame of the floor and all other designs, a chopped board of the first grade 50 mm thick is used. First of all, the foundation is processed with a waterproofing composition, and two layers of roofing material are laid on top. Boards are placed on it, which will make up the frame of the future sex.

OSB sheets of 1250x2500 are used as a screed of the draft floor, which are treated with a special composition against the fungus and mold. Cross lags are mounted with a step of 575 mm. All details are attached to wood screws.

Tip: It is necessary to provide for the course to the underput at this stage.

For the convenience of further work and giving the stiffness of the structure, the floor is sheathed with sheet material (in the future it should be changed to floor boards or concrete screed).

Tip: screw OSB to each lag. All works related to a wooden frame are desirable to produce in dry weather.

 

Walls of the walls of the first floor

After the entire floor is mounted, you can start erecting the frame of the first floor. It is most convenient to assemble the wall frame on the floor, and already ready to install and fix with spacers to the desired rigidity. The entire system of external walls is assembled from a board of 50x150 mm, and for load -bearing internal partitions it is necessary to connect 3 boards together, thus, having received a thickness of 150x150 mm.

The most popular facing material is the moisture -resistant OSB 3. For the convenience of its fastening, the step between vertical racks is 575 mm. Sheets are attached to screws or nails.

During the manufacture of the frame, window openings are additionally enhanced by connecting two or three vertical boards. This will protect them from sealing after completing the construction of the building.

When all the walls are raised and fixed, the installation of internal partitions begins. Before raising the second floor, the installation of all supporting structures is made. They are made from reinforced boards attached with corners.

Construction of the second floor and roof

The wall frame is collected in the same way on the floor, and is installed already ready. Before that, the first floor is sheathed with facing sheets. This will give the design the necessary rigidity.

The next step is the installation of the roof. Boards of the same section are used as rafters as for the entire frame. The necessary angle of the cut with the boards is given on the ground, and the ready -made rafters rise up. They are attached to the pediment and to the frame of the lateral walls.

After installation, a vapor barrier film is laid on them and a crate from a second -grade board is installed.

Already to the crate, corrugated board is attached (or any other roofing material). For each sheet of material, there should be at least 15-20 screws. You should immediately take care of the stairs to the roof, in case of repair and any other works. During the installation of corrugated board, it is important to carefully treat him, because even a small scratch, over time, will begin to rust.

When the roof is completely ready, the sheathing of the walls ends with OSB sheets and windows and doors are mounted. In the frame houses, the window openings are subject to the greatest load, so it is so important to strengthen their frame.

Tip: even with good geometry of sheets, in the outer skin there are cracks that need to be filled with mounting foam.

We warm the walls

Frame-shackles are characterized by low thermal conductivity. This is due to the properties of thermal insulation materials that are used in its construction. The most popular is the basalt plate. It has a width of 600 mm, which makes its use without current. For central Russia, the recommended thickness of the insulation is 15-20 cm. It is laid from the inside into the space between the vertical racks. To protect the insulation from moisture, on both sides it is closed with a vapor barrier membrane. To exclude the possible bridges of the cold, you need to lay another layer of insulation outside and build a ventilated facade.

In this case, the basalt plate is nailed directly to the wall of the frame, the film is laid on top of it and fixed with a crate. In the future, the facing material will be mounted on it.

Tip: All work is carried out from the bottom up.

From the inside, the house can be sheathed with drywall, chipboard or any other sheet materials. For better sound insulation, it is necessary to place the insulation (it is best to use mineral wool) in the inter -story floor.

More clearly, the process of erecting a frame house is shown in the video.

Frame monolithic housing construction

Today it is one of the most commonly used methods of building multi -storey buildings. There are two types of constructions: prefabricated and monolithic.

The advantages of the technology of frame-monolithic housing construction are as follows:

- a wide selection of planning solutions without violating the supporting characteristics of the entire building;

- low cost of construction work and the possibility of using modern energy -intensive materials;

- quick terms for the construction of the structure;

This technology implies the manufacture of a wall frame completely from concrete. At the beginning, the formwork is installed in the form of the future structure, reinforced with reinforcement and poured with solution. After the first level freezes, the formwork rises to the next floor to the floor.

For private construction, it is more profitable to use non -removable formwork, it will reduce the terms of work and will serve as an additional thermal insulation layer.

Walls, in such houses, can be mounted from any building material: bricks, panels, foam block, etc.

The appearance of modern materials made it possible to implement any design of frame houses.