Warming in the beams. Thermal insulation of the ceiling

In the modern construction of private houses, you can not do without insulation of the attic, complex in design of the roof or attic, since during the heating season, up to a quarter of heat goes through the roof. This requires expenses, but with high -quality insulation on beams of any type of attic, heat saving will be noticeable during the operation of the house in the winter. When installing the roof and attic premises, it is necessary to insulate on wooden beams to reduce heat loss in different ways, and each method and type of insulation has its advantages.

The attic device with beam -type ceilings

Many inhabitants of the upper floors of city apartments know what bad thermal insulation of the attic or roof is much colder than the middle floors there, and in the summer it is unbearably stuffy. But competent insulation of attic floors easily solves this problem, and the temperature difference is not particularly felt with a large amplitude of the external environment.

The presence of an attic room is extremely important for the house, especially for the gable roof on its surface, precipitation will not accumulate, and with good insulation, icicles are less formed. A fairly simple roof design involves a well -equipped attic with thermal insulation of ceilings inside.

If you do everything according to the rules, then it is necessary to provide ventilation and vapor barrier using a foil layer. The thermal insulation filler is laid between the wooden beams and is closed with mounting foil. The well -thought -out ventilation scheme of the attic is also important in order to remove excess humidity from condensate in time, which leads to the formation of a difficult to remove fungus on wood.

If all these points are taken into account, then it is not so important, a wooden house or another type of structure from modern building materials, the correct heat transfer will be ensured. Wooden beams are the highest quality environmental for attic floors, although concrete and metal structures are partially used.

Wooden beams are preferred for many reasons, for example, due to the low cost of material, convenient processing and excellent thermal insulation properties. Therefore, no matter how far modern technologies go, and you have to return to natural wood. Insulation of the attic overlap in beams by a relatively simple process, especially when the insulation is conveniently packaged, it remains to fix it between the beams. Sometimes small bars are additionally nailed to beam floors for fastening the insulator.

Tip: before laying the insulation, lay a layer of good vapor barrier material so that the accumulative steam does not linger and does not destroy the wood. It is important to monitor the circulation of air, but it should not penetrate the house from the attic. The foil isolated is laid down a layer of foil down. Good insulation with isolation can combine several materials, a little reminiscent of a layered pie, but this will be most effective for maintaining heat in a house built according to all the requirements of energy conservation.

Types of heat -insulating materials for ceilings

Modern thermal insulation of floors is equipped with different methods, and experts recommend several varieties:

slab insulation;
bulk materials;
spraying the heat -insulating layer;
rolled thermal insulation;
foil layer.

You can use only one type of material or combine them, but bulk heater is usually laid on the lags of a flat horizontal surface, for example, expanded clay, dry organic, slag or mixture.

Fanding material is placed no thicker than 4-5 cm over a vapor barrier material such as roofing material. The attic involves full -fledged floors, where the lags for expanded clay are laid on top of the cement screed and covered with plywood or other floor material.

Rolled products are most convenient for installation, for example, varieties of technical cotton wool. With all the advantages of such styling, it is important to remember a fine suspension that enters the respiratory system and on the skin, causing irritation. Therefore, these materials are used to insulate non -residential premises or under the skin.

It is convenient to lay tile material with thermal insulation of a wooden floor, especially when installation in 2 layers. To prevent cracks, you can lay pieces in a checkerboard pattern, but sometimes the cracks are just stuffed with bags.

The ceiling insulation on wooden beams of the attic is made with slab and roller fillers and closed GKL for plaster to get an additional living space. The cold and non -residential attic does not require decoration, so the layer of spraying or briquettes (slabs) of thermal insulation is left without additional processing. Rolled insulation does not require special fastening and refinement.

Tip: Remember the laws of physics, heat always rises up, so insulation of the ceiling from the roof always gives general heat savings in the house.

The main characteristics of insulating materials

1. Mineral or basalt wool is reliable and inexpensive material, but it needs to work carefully with it, it can give a painful reaction, but it does not harm. Minvata is one of the light and inexpensive insulation, which are known for the durability and simplicity of laying directly in the niches between the beams.

Basalt wool is made when processing rocks from dust and waste, so it has a low cost. Delivery of rolls and briquettes (slabs). In the cold climatic zone of Russia, it makes sense to lay basalt wool in 2 layers, for greater thermal insulation with a layer of up to 15-20 cm. When laying, the layers of cotton wool are cut with a knife or large scissors and tightly incorporated without bending the corners and edges. The main advantage of it does not require additional vapor barrier.

For attic rooms, you will need a crate for insulation with mineral wool so that it does not cake. The laying of insulation of the floor beams is carried out in compliance with the safety regulations. In order not to breathe this construction suspension, use glasses, respirator and gloves.

2. Waterwoman in many respects resembles mineral wool, but has a different composition. It is known for lower indicators in some parameters, for example, fire resistance, and its cost is lower than basalt briquettes. The styling technology also requires the protection of the skin, eyes and respiratory organs during laying, the installation process is about the same. Remember that small fragments of glass wool are inclined to cling to clothes, when it hits the skin from it, the hands and face, used clothes after laying glass wool are better disposed of.

3. Ecowata is known for the lack of allergic reactions, since it is made of fluffy cellulose fibers. It comes in bags and falls asleep between the beams. Ecowata is known for almost not burning, thanks to special impregnations, but because of this it is a little more expensive than other isolates. It also requires a gasket for insulation for insulation of the beam beams, but it does not splash and does not rot, despite the wood origin. Ecowata does not like drafts, so it is not suitable for an open attic.

4. Fanding materials for thermal insulation are sometimes at hand, for example, in the seaside areas, attics are insulated with algae collected on the shore, moreover, rodents do not like them. A mixture of slag and sawdust, expanded clay or even hay, straw and dry leaves are used as isolate, which have long been in the villages in the villages horizontal surfaces of the attic. When there is no way to use high -quality insulation, bulk materials or slag are packed with a small layer under the pulp of burlap and attach a crate between the beams. However, this can be considered as a temporary measure, because there is no guarantee of fire protection with such insulation.

5. Ceramzit is also often poured onto the lags of a flat surface of the attic or mixed with loose materials, for example, with peno granules, but these fillers love rodents, and the organic is compressed over time and loses its thermal insulation properties. Ceramzite insulation in the beams will be hard for the roof licking. You can use perlite for beaming for beam niches, but it will cost more.

6. Foam and polystyrene polystyrene are the most economical materials that repel moisture and have a bend or compression strength. Such material is easiest to cut and mount, especially in 2 layers, gently filling all the niches for thermal insulation of the attic floor. Polistyle foam (PPS) is produced in different forms, it requires good vapor barrier so that evaporation from its slabs and condensate does not fall into the living space. Extruded polystyrene foam is fire hazardous, rodents love it, but it is very effective as thermal insulation of attics. However, when burning, it emits toxic substances, therefore, the installation and operation of the premises requires careful compliance with fire conditions. It is good to cut the PPS with a knife or large scissors, but it is important to do tight styling without cracks. Sometimes it is attached to the mounting foam, which is filled with all the cracks.

7. The spraying with polyurethane foam for insulation of the attic overlap in the beams is very effective, something resembles a snowy surface, and its application does not depend on the complexity of the roof design. This is a more expensive, environmentally friendly and durable way to insulate attic premises, which will last up to 50 years, but specialists should be engaged in this spraying.

8. When insulating the beams of the attic, with a combined method, using foil vapor barrier, the most reliable heat -saving technology is obtained. The fewer cracks and areas for the penetration of the cold, the more effective the thermal insulation of the beam beams. Sometimes a complete sheathing of the attic is made from the inside, including wooden beams, but this is not necessary. The exception of the arrangement of the attic for the living heated room. For this, effective and expensive foam glass and other modern insulating materials are also used.

9. Modern construction work of the attics of office premises is impossible without Penosole processing, and this method of thermal insulation is performed by special equipment and only specialized firms. However, the most time -consuming work more than pays for effective insulation and economical energy consumption.

General characteristics of materials for thermal insulation

The production of eco -materials for thermal insulation of attic floors moves forward, since the latest scientific achievements are involved in technology development. Care for consumer health in the end result in the popularity of a fairly expensive isolate, therefore, when choosing the material, it is important to focus not only on its cost, but also by technical characteristics.

Important parameters:

low thermal conductivity;
low weight;
moisture -repellent qualities;
sufficient fire resistance and fire resistance;
toxic safety, especially during fire;
resistance to the damage to the fungus and putrefactive bacteria;
sufficient water and vapor permeability;
rejection of small rodents;
moderate density and strength on the hall and compression;
sorption humidity;
frost resistance and resistance to overheating.

The choice of material depends on the consumer, however, the efficiency of heat saving at the same time ranges from 15% to 35%. In a harsh climate, the overpayment for heating turns largely costs if the insulation of the attic overlap in the beams is ineffectively, that is, the money flies into the pipe. The warmer the attic, the lower the temperature difference and conditions for condensate under the roof in residential premises, as well as additional protection against bending and mold.

According to most indicators, these requirements comply with these requirements:

mineral and glass wool;
penoizole, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam.

The materials listed earlier have their advantages and differ slightly in a number of parameters. For example, polystyrene and its derivatives are very good until they begin to burn, releasing toxic substances. Dry bulk natural materials and extruded polystyrene foam are good until mice start in the attic. A heavy expanded clay weighing the overall structure, which is undesirable with a weak foundation on floating soils, and spraying is not suitable for using an attic for temporary housing.

Parameters of high -quality thermal insulation of the attic

1. With high -quality thermal insulation of the attic, the temperature amplitude in the winter and summer period will differ significantly from external parameters, approaching the optimal microclimate inside the house.

2. Modern thermal insulation of floors in the beams guarantees not only the protection of the attic at extreme temperatures in winter, but also saves from suffocating heat in the summer, saving on air conditioning.

3. Compliance with thermal insulation technologies is obvious in the minimum amount of condensate and humidity in a closed attic, but ventilation is necessary in all cases.

4. Good steam and waterproofing significantly increases the operation of roofing load-bearing structures, prevents the formation of fungus and mold on wooden beams, and corrosion less destroys metal parts.

5. Properly equipped attic windows and ventilation holes help reduce humidity in the attic and do not form excessive drafts.

6. Outside, the minimum formation of icicles and ice on the roof testifies to the high -quality equipped thermal insulation of the attic. Outside, roofing materials should remain cold so that snow and ice does not form on the surface of the roof.

Site search